Optimization Study on the removal of Pb (II), Cd (II), and Ni (II) from Pharmaceutical Wastewater using Carbonized African Giant Snail Shell (Archachatina Marginata) as an Adsorbent

Abstract

Rapid expansion of the pharmaceutical industry resulting in increased wastewater disposal containing heavy metals calls for concern. Therefore carbonized Archachatina marginata was used in order to understand how better the pb(II) and Ni(ii) ions in pharmaceutical wastewater can be efficiently adsorbed. A response surface method (RSM) central composite design (CCD) was usede to study the adsorption efficiencies of these heavy metals using statistical significancies of models.