In vitro ovicidal activity of Parkia biglobosa seeds and leave extracts against Haemonchus contortus

Abstract

The frequent use of synthetic antihelmitic over many years has led tothe development of drug resistance to parasitic infection nematodes.The study was carried out to evaluate the ovicidal activity of aqueous and methanol extracts of seeds ana leaves of P. biglobosa and used as antihelmintic. The antihelmintic activity of aqueuos and methanol extract of seeds and leaves of P.biglobosa was evaluated in-vitro using egg hatch assay. The extraction of plant materials and phytochemical screening of extracts were done using standard protocols. Fresh eggs of Haemonchus contortus were collected from the abomasal contents slaughtered in abattoir. Approximately, 300 freshly collected H. contortus eggs in 0.1ml of distilled water were distributed into 96 flat bottom micro titre plates and mixed with equal volume of different concentrations 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32gm/ml of each plant extract and positive control (albendazole). The negative control received PBS with diluents and the egg solutions. The eggs were incubated in this mixture at 27 0C for 6 days. The experiment was carried out in triplicate for both controls and extracts. The results revealed that crude aqueous extract of seed, crude methanol extract of seed and crude extract of leaves produced 100% inhibition of hatchability of H. contortus eggs at at 2mg/ml. The crude methanol extract of leaves only produce 100% inhibition of eggs hatchability at a 4mg/ml but at 2mg/ml, 88.9% of eggs were inhibited from hatching. The higher ovicidal activity in this study, may be attributed to the phytochemical constituents present in the extracts working individually or in synergy. From the study, it can be concluded that aqueuos and methanol extracts of seeds and and leaves of P. biglobosa have ovicidal activity against H. contortus . It is therefore, recommended that in-vitro study should be carried out on other developmental stages of H. contortus and possibly in-vivo study and biosafety potentials of this plant be evaluated in goats.