Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic syndrome characterized by hyperglycemia, polyurea, polydypsia and polyphagia. The aim of this research is to study the effect feed constituting; Eleusine coracana, Sorghum bicolor with a fixed ratio of Moringa oleifera seeds on Alloxan induced diabetic albino rats. Feeds were formulated at various concentration using Moringa oleifera seeds, Sorghum bicolor and Eleusine coracana. The milled samples were made into various ratios/concentrations and pelletized. The experimental rats were randomly allotted to 7 cages with each group having three rats each. Alloxan monohydrates were administered to rats in groups A to F. Rats with glucose level of 110mg/dl and above were considered Diabetic. Group A to D were fed with various concentration of the formulated feed, while group E was treated with the standard drug, group F was the negative control group and received 1ml normal saline, while group G was the normal control group. Group E to G were fed with the normal rats pellets. The blood glucose was monitored twice in a week for 21 days after which animals were euthanized. The results for the proximate analysis shows that Group D (30 % Eleusine coracana, 50 % Sorghum bicolor and 20 % Moringa oleifera seeds) had the highest fibre content of 6.335 % ± 0.005 followed by Group A (50 % Eleusine coracana, 30 % Sorghum bicolor and 20 % Moringa oleifera seeds) with 5.655 % ± 0.005. Group B (45 % Eleusine coracana, 35 % Sorghum bicolor and 20 % Moringa oleifera seeds) had highest fat content of 7.785 % ± 0.005 followed by Group A with 7.775 % ± 0.005 while Group D had the highest protein content of 21.495 % ± 0.005. The rats in Group A had the highest blood glucose reduction of 21.74 % compared to Group B, Group C (40 % Eleusine coracana, 40 % Sorghum bicolor and 20 % Moringa oleifera seeds) and D. All the treatment groups (A, B, C and D) shows significant (p<0.05) reduction of blood glucose by 21.74 %, 20.97 %, 20.9 % and 16.07 % respectfully in the diabetic rats, with an exception of the negative control (group F) showing little significant (p<0.05) reduction of 4.04 %. The positive control (group E) which was treated with the standard drug was the most effective with the highest percentage of blood glucose (23.08 %). The Amino acid profile shows that Group A formulated feed has the highest Lysine (3.685 g/100 g ± 0.005), Isoleucine (5.085 g/100 g ± 0.005), Phenylalanine (4.485 g/100 g ± 0.005), Tryptophan (1.265 g/100 g ± 0.005), Valine (5.095 g/100 g ± 0.005), Methionine (1.955 g/100 g ± 0.005), Proline (8.165 g/100 g ± 0.005), Arginine (5.995 g/100 g ± 0.005), Histidine (2.545 g/100 g ± 0.005), Glycine (4.105 g/100 g ± 0.005), Threonine (3.565 g/100 g ± 0.005), and Serine (4.325 g/100 g ± 0.005) which triggers and forms significant components of insulin. The result from this research suggests that 50 % Eleusine coracana, 30 % Sorghum bicolor and 20 % Moringa oleifera seeds could be effective for management of Diabetes mellitus.

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic syndrome characterized by hyperglycemia, polyurea, polydypsia and polyphagia. The aim of this research is to study the effect feed constituting; Eleusine coracana, Sorghum bicolor with a fixed ratio of Moringa oleifera seeds on Alloxan induced diabetic albino rats. Feeds were formulated at various concentration using Moringa oleifera seeds, Sorghum bicolor and Eleusine coracana. The milled samples were made into various ratios/concentrations and pelletized. The experimental rats were randomly allotted to 7 cages with each group having three rats each. Alloxan monohydrates were administered to rats in groups A to F. Rats with glucose level of 110mg/dl and above were considered Diabetic. Group A to D were fed with various concentration of the formulated feed, while group E was treated with the standard drug, group F was the negative control group and received 1ml normal saline, while group G was the normal control group. Group E to G were fed with the normal rats pellets. The blood glucose was monitored twice in a week for 21 days after which animals were euthanized. The results for the proximate analysis shows that Group D (30 % Eleusine coracana, 50 % Sorghum bicolor and 20 % Moringa oleifera seeds) had the highest fibre content of 6.335 % ± 0.005 followed by Group A (50 % Eleusine coracana, 30 % Sorghum bicolor and 20 % Moringa oleifera seeds) with 5.655 % ± 0.005. Group B (45 % Eleusine coracana, 35 % Sorghum bicolor and 20 % Moringa oleifera seeds) had highest fat content of 7.785 % ± 0.005 followed by Group A with 7.775 % ± 0.005 while Group D had the highest protein content of 21.495 % ± 0.005. The rats in Group A had the highest blood glucose reduction of 21.74 % compared to Group B, Group C (40 % Eleusine coracana, 40 % Sorghum bicolor and 20 % Moringa oleifera seeds) and D. All the treatment groups (A, B, C and D) shows significant (p<0.05) reduction of blood glucose by 21.74 %, 20.97 %, 20.9 % and 16.07 % respectfully in the diabetic rats, with an exception of the negative control (group F) showing little significant (p<0.05) reduction of 4.04 %. The positive control (group E) which was treated with the standard drug was the most effective with the highest percentage of blood glucose (23.08 %). The Amino acid profile shows that Group A formulated feed has the highest Lysine (3.685 g/100 g ± 0.005), Isoleucine (5.085 g/100 g ± 0.005), Phenylalanine (4.485 g/100 g ± 0.005), Tryptophan (1.265 g/100 g ± 0.005), Valine (5.095 g/100 g ± 0.005), Methionine (1.955 g/100 g ± 0.005), Proline (8.165 g/100 g ± 0.005), Arginine (5.995 g/100 g ± 0.005), Histidine (2.545 g/100 g ± 0.005), Glycine (4.105 g/100 g ± 0.005), Threonine (3.565 g/100 g ± 0.005), and Serine (4.325 g/100 g ± 0.005) which triggers and forms significant components of insulin. The result from this research suggests that 50 % Eleusine coracana, 30 % Sorghum bicolor and 20 % Moringa oleifera seeds could be effective for management of Diabetes mellitus.