Eze, C. N.Obodoa, R. MEzugwu, S. CEzemaa, F .I.2025-05-182021http://repository.futminna.edu.ng:4000/handle/123456789/1985Solar energy is energy from the sun and its provision is in abundance without payments. It is renewable and more promising than its counterpart energy source called fossil fuels. Fossil fuels have energy crises ranging from inadequacy to depletion, pollution etc. This solar energy could be technically collected, utilized but there could still be an improved method of collecting the solar energy for more advanced utilization called solar energy. Achieving this by the process of doping metal oxide thin films with impurities like carbon derivatives, organic synthetic dyes etc. will harnesses dopant characteristics for optimal performance. The doped materials help in controlling the composition and structure of dopants, which enhance their performance. The metal oxide semiconductor thin films are synthesized via varieties of processes on working active layer materials with stable interfaces for solar energy conversion and versatile applications in several areas valuable for humankind.enSolar EnergyMetal OxidesPhotovoltaicSynthesis TechniquesEfficiencyBook chapter