Factors Contributing to Residential Segregation in Nigerian Cities: A Review of Emerging Issues

Abstract

Residential segregation in Nigerian cities is a complex and multifaceted issue influenced by various socio-economic, political, and cultural factors. This review paper delves into the underlying causes of residential segregation, examining how historical contexts, economic disparities, and urban planning policies contribute to the spatial division of communities. The study adopted an archival approach of data collection from published articles available on Google Scholar, Elsevier, Sciencedirect, and Scopus databases. The selection criteria were thus the research focus, methodology, findings and conclusion alongside the year of publication (2010 – 2023). The main causes of segregation are identified in the study as being income inequality, variety in racial and religious backgrounds, land use regulations, and the legacy of colonial urban planning. It also looks at how rapid rate of urbanisation and population expansion affect housing demand and affordability, emphasising how segregation is worsened by poor infrastructure and inadequate access to affordable housing. Through a comprehensive analysis of existing literature, census data, and case studies from major Nigerian cities, the paper discusses the social and economic consequences of residential segregation, including unequal access to services, educational disparities, and heightened intergroup tensions. The review concludes with strategic recommendations for promoting inclusive urban development, emphasizing the need for equitable housing policies, improved socio-economic opportunities, and community-based approaches to urban planning.