Conference Papers

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Start date: 2024

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    DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE OF MOSQUITOES IN RELATION TO MALARIA PREVALENCE IN CHANCHAGA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF NIGER STATE, NIGERIA
    (International Journal of Applied Biological Research, 16 (1), (Impress), 2025) Abdullahi, M.; Ismail, A.; Abolarinwa, S. O.; Ocha, I. M.; Amos, A.V.; Omalu, I. C. J.
    In spite of intensive control measures and intervention in Nigeria, malaria remains a major public health threat. The dearth of information on the diversity and distribution of Anopheline mosquito species, a prerequisite to successful malaria control, informed this study. Indoor adult mosquito populations were sampled using Pyrethrum Spray Catches (PSC). Two hundred and seventy-six (276) human individuals were examined for malaria parasites using Giemsa staining techniques. All individuals were screened for the presence of malaria parasite and classified into four (4) age groups: < 5 years, 6 – 10 years, 11 – 15 years and >16 years. A total of one thousand five hundred and sixteen (1516) mosquitoes were collected and identified as follows; Anopheles species 371 (24.47%) and Culex species 1145 (75.53%). Mosquitoes collected per location was as follows F-layout 399 (26.31%), Tunga 406 (26.28%), Chanchaga 361 (23.81%) and Sauka-Kahuta 350 (23.08%). The distribution of mosquitoes per location showed a significant difference at p<0.05. Six species of Anopheles mosquitoes were identified. These are Anopheles gambiae, 235 (63.34%), Anopheles funestus, 111 (29.92%), Anopheles coustani,10 (2.69%), Anopheles nili, 6 (1.62%), Anopheles squamosus, 6 (1.62%) and Anopheles moucheti,3 (0.81%). Tunga had the highest number of Anopheles mosquitoes of 116 (31.27%), followed by F-layout 93 (25.07%) while Sauka-Kahuta had the least number of Anopheles mosquitoes collected 74 (19.95%). Out of the 276 human blood specimens examined, 178 (64.49%) were positive for Plasmodium falciparum. Individuals of age group 6 – 10 years had highest infection rate of 40 (78.43%), followed by 16 years 87 (63.50%) while age group 0 – 5 years, had the least infection rate of 6 (56%). Males were more infected 91 (67.91%) with malaria than females 87 (61.27%) which also showed a significant difference at p<0.05. This study demonstrated the complex distribution of Anopheles mosquito and the considerable variations in the intensity of malaria transmission in Chanchaga Local Government and its environs, hence the need to intensify control strategies to eliminate larva sources of the vectors.
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    Investigation of gastrointestinal parasites of solid waste from dumpsites in Bosso Local Government Area, Minna, Niger State Nigeria.
    (Book of Proceedings of the 1st International Conference of the School of Life Science, Federal University of Technology, Minna, 2024-08) Ismail, A.; Ogbe M. E.; Omalu, I. C. J.; Abolarinwa, S.O.; Abdullahi, M.; Faisal, A.
    The study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of intestinal parasites in dump site in Minna metropolis. This was achieved via series of coordinated research across five (5) different dump sites designated as A, B, c, D and E. The five dump sites were spread within three locations (Mypa, Boss Market and Bosso New York) of Minna metropolis. Soil and household waste were collected at different interval following stand procedures and processed using zinc floatation method. The result from the 25 soil samples showed that almost all the dump sites had at least one gastrointestinal parasites. The seven (7) species of gastrointestinal parasites isolated includes: Ascaris lumbricoides 23 (22.77%), Taenia spp 11(10.(p89%), Entamoeba histolytica 25 (24.75%), Entamoeba coli, 14 (13.86%), Giardia lamblia 11(10.89%), hook work, 8(7.92%) and Strongyloides stercoralis, 9 (8.91%). The highest number of parasites were isolated from dump site D, 24 (23.76%) while the least parasites abundance was recorded in dump site C, 14 (13.86%). Overall prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in the dump sites (Market and household waste) revealed that 101 (59.76%) and 68(40.24%) of the total isolated parasites were found in markets and household waste respectively. The parasites that were most prevalent in the dump site was A. lumbricoides 38 (22.49%) while Strongyloides stercoralis 16 (9.47%) was the least abundant. Statistically, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the abundance of parasites in relation tho market and household dumsite investigated. This study revealed a significant abundance gastrointestinal parasites in the dump sites.
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    Level of Occupational, BrickStress and Self-Efficacy on the Productivity of Blocklaying, Bricklaying and Concreting Teachers in Technical Colleges in North Central, Nigeria
    (Book of Proceedings of 10th International Conference of School of Science and Technology Education, Federal University of Technology, Minna, 2024) Tsado, E. G.; Igwe, C. O.; Saba, T. M.
    The study investigates the Level of pressure of occupational stress and self-efficacy on Blocklaying, Bricklaying and Concreting teachers (BBC) productivity in Technical Colleges in North Central, Nigeria. The study utilized quantitative method. The population of the study was 83 BBC teachers from Technical Colleges offering BBC subjects in the 6 North Central States and the Federal Capital Territory. Census sampling was carried out to select the entire 83 BBC teachers from the Technical Colleges in North Central States including the FCT. The study used a structured questionnaire of a 4-point Scale rating as the instrument of data collection validated by 3 research experts. Frequency distribution, mean and standard deviation were employed to analyze the individual responses of the respondents while regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between level of pressure of occupational stress and level of self-efficacy on teachers’ productivity of BBC teachers in Technical Colleges. The findings of the study revealed a coefficient of -0.3.46 of occupational stress and 0.260 of self-efficacy respectively indicating an inverse relationship between occupational stress and BBC teachers’ productivity and a positive relationship between selfefficacy and BBC teachers’ productivity. In addition, the study revealed that both occupational stress and self-efficacy have significant relationship with teachers’ productivity at 5°o level of parenthesis. The study however recommends that technical colleges should focus on implementing strategies that will effectively manage and reduce stress levels among teachers and focus on building teachers’ self-efficacy belief.
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    Thermal Comfort Performance of Thermoelectric Peltier Module Refrigeration System in Built Environment
    (School of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technology Minna. PMB 65, Minna, Niger State Nigeria., 2024-11-29) Musa Titus Dada; Ejiga Anthony Ejiga
    According to data provided by the International Energy Agency, nearly 1.6 billion air conditioning (A/C) systems were operating globally in 2017, accounting for approximately 6% of the overall final energy consumption. To address the energy and economic challenges posed by such extensive use of air conditioning for thermal comfort, it is imperative to identify alternative solutions that can effectively operate in warm-humid environments. This study explored the thermal comfort performance of thermoelectric module refrigeration (TEMR) system in built environment; installed in a single-room facility in Minna, Niger State, Nigeria, over a one-month period. The experimental setup involved a test room measuring 1.3 m x 2.6 m x 3 m, equipped with aluminum roofing, an asbestos ceiling, an aluminum-framed window, and a steel door. The TEMR system was assessed for its ability to regulate indoor temperature and humidity under varying external climatic conditions. The TEMR system operated at a constant current of 6.4A, with data collected at specific intervals throughout each day. Results indicated that the TEMR system significantly reduced indoor air temperature and relative humidity, particularly during peak operational hours (12:00 pm to 2:00 pm). Weekly variations showed temperature drops from 37°C to 22°C and humidity reductions from 60% to 32% within 60 minutes of operation. These findings align with ASHRAE Standard 55-2017 for indoor environmental quality. The study concludes that the TEMR system is effective in improving indoor climatic conditions, offering a sustainable and energy-efficient cooling solution. Its performance, influenced by external climatic factors, demonstrates potential for broader application, particularly in developing regions where long- term, low-maintenance, and environmentally friendly cooling solutions are needed.
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    Modalities for Effective Operations of Regulatory Bodies Involved in Building Construction
    (Quest Journals, 2025-02) J. O. Alaezi J. O. Alaezi; J. J. Molwus J. J. Molwus; D. O. Adeagbo D. O. Adeagbo; Christopher Obeta Igwe PhD
    Regulatory bodies in the built environment backed by enabling registration Acts play a major role in regulating building construction practices in Nigeria. The paper was aimed at suggesting modalities for effective operations of regulatory bodies in the built environment. Two research objectives have been raised and 1 research hypothesis was raised to guide the study. The study made use of quantitative method of data collection to obtain data from respondents. 421 respondents participated in answering questions administered with a sample size of 382. Questions asked in the questionnaire were based on existing literature and questionnaires were administered on the respondents with the aid of research supports physically and electronically. Responses received through the questionnaire administered were retrieved and analysed. The descriptive research questionnaire was also subjected to validation by selected experienced building construction professionals for accuracy. Descriptive statistics such as simple percentages was used to analyse the breakdown of the questionnaire, the profile of the respondents, their discipline and gender. Data analysed using non-parametric method of data analysis (ranking and mean). The findings of the research revealed that; lack of effective legislation and bureaucracy served as the major barrier affecting the functions of regulatory bodies in the built environment. Updating regulatory standards, effective enforcement of codes and licensing is paramount to the functions of regulatory bodies involved in building construction. Based on the findings, it was recommended that; the Federal Government should make adequate budgetary provision for effective operations of regulatory bodies. Right legislation should be put in place for their operations. Regulatory bodies should not only focus on issuing licenses to building construction professionals but as a matter of priority get involved in updating regulatory standards and organising continuous professional development based on areas of core- competence to enhance knowledge base of professionals.
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    Mathematical model for the dynamics of COVID-19 Pandemic Incorporating Isolation and Non-Linear Recovery Rate
    (ISEP Porto-Portugal, 2024-06-22) N. I. Akinwande; T. T. Ashezua; S. A. Somma; O. N. Abdurrahman; F. A. Oguntolu; O. M. Adetutu; R. I. Gweryina; R. O. Olayiwola; T. P. Adajime; F. A. Kuta; S. Abdulrahman; A. I. Enagi; G. A. Bolarin; M. D. Shehua; A. Usman.
    COVID-19 has in recent times created a major health concern in both developed and developing parts of the world. In this wise, there is every need to theoretically explore ways that will provide some insights into curtailing the spread of the disease in the population. In this paper, we present a population model for COVID-19 pandemic incorporating isolation and nonlinear recovery rate. The reproduction number was obtained using the next generation method. The disease-free equilibrium (DFE) of the model (1) was found to be locally and globally asymptotically stable whenever the associated reproduction number is less than unity. Results from the sensitivity analysis of the model, using the reproduction number, RC show that the top parameters that largely drive the dynamics of COVID-19 in the population are COVID-19 transmission rate and the proportion of individuals progressing to the class of reported symptomatic infectious individuals. Numerical simulations of the model shows that increasing the recovery rate of infected patients in the population will lead to an initial decrease in the number of hospitalized patients before subsequent increase. The reason for this could be attributed to the number of unreported symptomatic infectious individuals who are progressing to reported symptomatic infectious stage of infection for immediate isolation.
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    Designing Recovery: Women and Midwives’ Perspectives on Design Factors in The Postnatal Hospital Environment
    (International Journal of Architecture, Arts and Applications, 2025-06) Lawal, Lateef Ademola
    Background: The postnatal phase is a critical time for women to rest and to recover after giving birth, and the hospital environment can influence the wellbeing experiences of new mothers. Existing research found aspects of the physical environments that are supportive of women during labour and birth, but research focusing on the environmental factors in postnatal environments, where women recover after birth, is limited and important. Purpose: The study investigated environmental factors and spatial features in postnatal environments that make an impact on women’s physical recovery and wellbeing following birth. Methods: Data were collected through online survey questionnaires from 229 postnatal women who gave birth in New Zealand hospitals and from 58 midwives (N = 287) who worked in postnatal settings. Midwives recruited women and their colleagues using a snowball sampling method and provided dedicated links to women and midwives to access the online survey questionnaires. Midwives filled out identical questionnaires as women; the only difference was data related to their demographic characteristics. Descriptive statistics and the independent-samples t-test were used to analyse the data. Results: Women’s and midwives’ have strong preferences for single-occupancy rooms, visual or physical connection to the outdoors, and views of nature, all of which were ranked significantly high, indicating both women and midwives desire personal control in the space, as well as connections to the outside during postnatal hospitalisation. The study participants also indicated a strong preference for air quality and room freshness, adequate daylight in the room, art and nature images and the presence of colours in the interior spaces. These design features were thought to be critical design elements for promoting rest, recovery and psychological wellbeing in postnatal settings. Conclusions: The results of this study highlight the importance of several key environmental design features, providing beneficial insights into women’s psychological recovery and wellbeing and suggesting the need for awareness by architects, and healthcare providers for creating restorative postnatal healthcare settings for women following birth.
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    HARVESTING RENEWABLE ENERGY FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE USING QUANTUM DOT TECHNOLOGY
    (13th annual and international hybrid conference of the renewable and alternative energy of nigeria, 2025-03) Ikeri, H.I; Ndubueze, D. N; Eze, C. N.; Achuka, E. I; Nwagbara, O.; Onuabuchi, V. C
    This paper explores the role of quantum dots in revolutionizing renewable energy technologies, addressing challenges such as stability and environmental impact. Renewable energy is essential for a sustainable future and advancements in nanotechnology have opened new possibilities for efficient energy harvesting. The result obtained indicates that quantum dots (QDs), display tunable electronic properties, discrete electronic state and high photon absorption efficiency. The novel properties allow for new design architectures such as immediate band, multiple exciton generation and multiple junction solar cell technologies. These mechanics have shown to derive quantitative gains in the solar to electricity conversion efficiency to surpass the Shockley and Quisser limit imposed on conventional cells. By integrating QD-based systems with solar photovoltaics and next generation batteries would paves the way for more efficient and sustainable energy solutions.
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    A STUDY OF CHEMICALLY DEPOSITED OXIDE- BASED TERNARY THIN FILM OF ZINC TITANATE (ZnTiO3) DOPED WITH NATURAL DYES AND THEIR POTENTIAL PHOTOVOLTAIC APPLICATIONS.
    (journal of nano and material science research, 2025) Eze, C. N.
    The ternary metal oxide thin film of ZnTiO3 doped with three different natural dyes were synthesized on glass substrate via solution growth (SG) at room temperature. Chemical baths were used which contained Zinc Sulphate (ZnSO4.7H2O), Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH), Titanium Chloride (TiCl3), distilled water and calibrated drops per bath of organic dyes: Lawsonia inermis, Beta vulgaries and Jatropha curcas respectively. Each deposit which was set at a temperature of 80 0C lasted for 1 h and each deposit was annealed at 400 0C for 1 h. These deposited nano thin films were characterized for their structural, morphological, optical properties, elemental composition and electronic (chemical) structure and presence of functional groups by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), UV-VIS spectrophotometer, Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluoroscopy (EDXRF) and photoluminescence Fourier Transform Infrared Radiation Spectroscopy (FTIR). Polycrystalline thin films were evidenced which marked porosity offered them maximum surface area for dye loading which is critical for photosensitization in dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Such doping presented band gaps of doped ZnTiO3 from 1.84 eV to 3.45 eV depending on dopants applied as against undoped film band gap that was 3.55 eV. The FTIR results showed good photophysical, carboxylate and modification properties of the dyes which helps in sunlight harvesting, anchoring and surface structure modification of the films. The dye influenced the optical properties of the samples and in particular, the reduction of the energy band gap, Eg from an increase in absorption coefficient α, giving high absorbance A, low extinction coefficient k, low reflectance R, which inferred its potential applications in solar energy devices when used in construction, poultry houses, solar cells and DSSCs.