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Item DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE OF MOSQUITOES IN RELATION TO MALARIA PREVALENCE IN CHANCHAGA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF NIGER STATE, NIGERIA(International Journal of Applied Biological Research, 16 (1), (Impress), 2025) Abdullahi, M.; Ismail, A.; Abolarinwa, S. O.; Ocha, I. M.; Amos, A.V.; Omalu, I. C. J.In spite of intensive control measures and intervention in Nigeria, malaria remains a major public health threat. The dearth of information on the diversity and distribution of Anopheline mosquito species, a prerequisite to successful malaria control, informed this study. Indoor adult mosquito populations were sampled using Pyrethrum Spray Catches (PSC). Two hundred and seventy-six (276) human individuals were examined for malaria parasites using Giemsa staining techniques. All individuals were screened for the presence of malaria parasite and classified into four (4) age groups: < 5 years, 6 – 10 years, 11 – 15 years and >16 years. A total of one thousand five hundred and sixteen (1516) mosquitoes were collected and identified as follows; Anopheles species 371 (24.47%) and Culex species 1145 (75.53%). Mosquitoes collected per location was as follows F-layout 399 (26.31%), Tunga 406 (26.28%), Chanchaga 361 (23.81%) and Sauka-Kahuta 350 (23.08%). The distribution of mosquitoes per location showed a significant difference at p<0.05. Six species of Anopheles mosquitoes were identified. These are Anopheles gambiae, 235 (63.34%), Anopheles funestus, 111 (29.92%), Anopheles coustani,10 (2.69%), Anopheles nili, 6 (1.62%), Anopheles squamosus, 6 (1.62%) and Anopheles moucheti,3 (0.81%). Tunga had the highest number of Anopheles mosquitoes of 116 (31.27%), followed by F-layout 93 (25.07%) while Sauka-Kahuta had the least number of Anopheles mosquitoes collected 74 (19.95%). Out of the 276 human blood specimens examined, 178 (64.49%) were positive for Plasmodium falciparum. Individuals of age group 6 – 10 years had highest infection rate of 40 (78.43%), followed by 16 years 87 (63.50%) while age group 0 – 5 years, had the least infection rate of 6 (56%). Males were more infected 91 (67.91%) with malaria than females 87 (61.27%) which also showed a significant difference at p<0.05. This study demonstrated the complex distribution of Anopheles mosquito and the considerable variations in the intensity of malaria transmission in Chanchaga Local Government and its environs, hence the need to intensify control strategies to eliminate larva sources of the vectors.Item Investigation of gastrointestinal parasites of solid waste from dumpsites in Bosso Local Government Area, Minna, Niger State Nigeria.(Book of Proceedings of the 1st International Conference of the School of Life Science, Federal University of Technology, Minna, 2024-08) Ismail, A.; Ogbe M. E.; Omalu, I. C. J.; Abolarinwa, S.O.; Abdullahi, M.; Faisal, A.The study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of intestinal parasites in dump site in Minna metropolis. This was achieved via series of coordinated research across five (5) different dump sites designated as A, B, c, D and E. The five dump sites were spread within three locations (Mypa, Boss Market and Bosso New York) of Minna metropolis. Soil and household waste were collected at different interval following stand procedures and processed using zinc floatation method. The result from the 25 soil samples showed that almost all the dump sites had at least one gastrointestinal parasites. The seven (7) species of gastrointestinal parasites isolated includes: Ascaris lumbricoides 23 (22.77%), Taenia spp 11(10.(p89%), Entamoeba histolytica 25 (24.75%), Entamoeba coli, 14 (13.86%), Giardia lamblia 11(10.89%), hook work, 8(7.92%) and Strongyloides stercoralis, 9 (8.91%). The highest number of parasites were isolated from dump site D, 24 (23.76%) while the least parasites abundance was recorded in dump site C, 14 (13.86%). Overall prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in the dump sites (Market and household waste) revealed that 101 (59.76%) and 68(40.24%) of the total isolated parasites were found in markets and household waste respectively. The parasites that were most prevalent in the dump site was A. lumbricoides 38 (22.49%) while Strongyloides stercoralis 16 (9.47%) was the least abundant. Statistically, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the abundance of parasites in relation tho market and household dumsite investigated. This study revealed a significant abundance gastrointestinal parasites in the dump sites.Item Modelling the Slump, Compressive Strength and Density of Concrete Containing Coconut Shell as Partial Replacement for Crushed Granite(USEP: Journal of Research Information in Civil Engineering, 2017) Abdullahi, M.; Aminulai, H. O.; Alhaji, B.; Abubakar, MahmudIn this research, crushed coconut shell was used to partially replace crushed granite as coarse aggregate in the production of concrete. Tests were conducted on the physical properties of crushed coconut shell and crushed granite. Thirty one random mixes were generated using Mini Tab 14 statistical software package. A total of 108 cubes were cast and cured for 28 days and then crushed to determine their compressive strength. The results were used to develop empirical models for the slump, compressive strength and density of the concrete. The concrete developed in this work has slump ranging from 0 – 135 mm, compressive strength ranging from 8.94 N/mm2 – 27.11 N/mm2 and density ranging from 1757.04 kg/m3 to 2198.52 kg/m3 respectively. This implies that concrete made using coconut shell as partial replacement for crushed granite can be used for structural application such as in the construction of reinforced concrete slabs, beams, columns and foundations. Polynomial model was developed with the capability of explaining the under-laying relationship of 93.8%, 83.6% and 72.3% for slump, compressive strength and density respectively.Item Reliability-Based Code Calibration in Civil Engineering: A Critical Review(USEP: Journal of Science and Engineering Production, 2021) Abubakar, Mahmud; Aguwa, J. I.; Abdullahi, M.; Sadiku, S.The use of new materials and the complexities in modern civil engineering infrastructures call for a systematic attempt to find accurate design solutions. It is clear that deterministic values are not reliable and that their use in the design of civil engineering structures can lead to instant failures. Thus, the use of the probability theory to determine the most reliable value of a parameter for the design of civil engineering structures is very relevant. This work is intended to review the literature on the application of probability theory in the calibration of civil engineering design codes. Consequently, to better evaluate designs and design details, it is important to understand the techniques as highlighted herein.Item Top Cited Articles on Structural Engineering Reliability by the Nigerian Authors(USEP: Journal of Research Information in Civil Engineering, 2020) Abubakar, Mahmud; Aguwa, J. I.; Abdullahi, M.; Sadiku, S.; Oritola, S. F.This study analyses the characteristics of top-cited articles on structural reliability with at least one author affiliated to Nigeria. A search in the Google Scholar database for articles published between 2010 and 2020 was carried out. From the top-cited articles, variables related to the journal, article, and authors, such as journal ranking from SCImago Journals & Country Rank (SJR), H-index, author affiliations, international research collaboration, and source of funding were collected and descriptively analysed. A sample of 25 original reports was identified from the search. The average citations per year ranged between 0.10 and 6.1. The articles were published in 20 different journals (36% found in only four journals) with five of them based in Nigeria. It was observed, that international collaboration on reliability-based researches was present in 4% of the articles, and funding was reported in just 1 article. Articles having Nigerians as first authors were reported in 100% of the articles. Articles with authors affiliated to ABU, Zaria were more frequent in the sample. A list of top-cited articles is thus, presented to provide an overview of the top-cited articles. This study could aid in supporting further analyses regarding publication, citation behaviours, research funding and international collaboration of structural reliability based researches in Nigeria.Item Assessment of Safety Provisions on Building Construction Sites in Abuja, Nigeria: Professionals and Workers Perspectives(Proceedings of the 2nd International Engineering Conference, Federal University of Technology Minna, Nigeria., 2017-01-02) Kolo, D. N.; Yitmen, I.; Tsado, T. Y.; Abdullahi, M.; Yakubu, D. M.Despite the growth of the building construction sector in Nigeria, the provision of the basic safety materials and facilities to workers remains a challenge. The construction industry is believed to be a pillar of domestic economy in most nations; it is believed to contribute about 2.08% to the GDP of Nigeria. Yet, the rate of non-fatal, fatal injuries and illnesses exceeds that of many other industries, the construction industry has the most fatality rate when compared to other industry sectors. This paper examines the level of provision of the basic safety materials and facilities to workers by contractors in the Nigerian construction industry, the study employed the work study and field survey research method. Structured questionnaire were administered to the Architects, Engineers, Project managers and Contractors as well as the workers engaged in construction. The research exposed the neglect in the provision of safety materials and facilities on the part of the contractors. Scaffolds and shovels where the materials readily provided by the contractors from the list of safety materials provided as recommended by the regulatory authorities. The Institute of safety professionals of Nigeria, Council of registered builders of Nigeria and other statutory government agencies should be more diligent to effectively monitor the activities of building construction contractors in Abuja, Nigeria.Item Investigation into the Mechanical properties of concrete using Pebbles from Bida Environ as coarse aggregate in concrete production(Polish Journal of Science, 2024-01-02) Abbas, B. A.; Abdullahi, M.; Sadiku S.; Aguwa J.I.; Abubakar J.; Kolo, D. N.Strength performance remains the most important property of structural concrete, from engineering point of view. This paper investigates the mechanical properties of concrete made from Bida natural stones, extensive experimental work was conducted using 1,600 specimens for compressive strength, flexural strength, splitting tensile strength and elastic modulus (four hundred specimens for each property). Central composite design was used for the factor setting with the following range of values; W/C= 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, CA/TA= 0.55, 0.615, 0.68, TA/C= 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0. The specimens were produced and cured for 7, 14, 21 and 28days. The highest strength was achieved using low W/C, low TA/C and high level of CA/TA corresponding to 0.4, 3.0 and 0.68 respectively