School of Environmental Technology (SET)

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School of Environmental Technology (SET)

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    A Review of Geographic Information Systems Applications to Election Mapping in Nigeria
    (School of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria, 2018-04-12) Okolie, C.J., Adesina, E.A., Irivbogbe, H.E., and Umar, A.A.
    Elections are the major hallmark of democratic societies and many countries have begun applyi Geographic Information System (GIS) to manage the electoral process. GIS is also utilised by political parties to access the dispositions of voters and determine where to focus their campaign efforts. In a GIS, a combination of thematic layers of administrative areas such as population and land use can yield meaningful relationships or scenarios critical to decision-making processes and this makes it an exceptional tool for the management and analyses of election at all stages. Nigeria’s national electoral body, the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) has not been very proactive in leveraging GIS and Information Technology for ensuring hitch-free, free and fair elections in the country. GIS is key in enforcing the transparency of this system. This paper review the developments of GIS for election mapping in Nigeria and discusses their applications in Nigeria’s electoral system. The study shows that the status of GIS applications for electoral mapping in Nigeria is still in an infancy stage. The critical turning point lies in the full exploitation of GIS by the government’s electoral apparatus.
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    Optimal Coverage Analysis of Existing Automated Teller Machines within Minna Metropolis, Nigeria using the Best-Fit Model
    (International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics, 2022-03) Ekundayo A. Adesina, Adewale Adewuyi, Gbenga Morenikeji, Tolulope Ogundele, Florence Babatunde
    Owing to the fact that nearly all economic sector of a country has embraced technology in their mode of operation. The banking industry as a financial institution in its recent implementation of electronic banking and the use of Automated Teller Machine has not been left out. The location of this ATM's with respect to their users is a geospatial problem; the industry aim is to ensure that such facilities are optimally located. The location-allocation tools in Geographic Information System thus become useful. This study investigates and assesses the existing ATMs in the study area using location and service ability as a factor. Questionnaires were administered to assess the service ability of existing ATMs. For location evaluation the geographic coordinates of ATMs and Police stations were acquired using Garmin 78 Handheld Global Positioning System, the remotely sensed image of the study area was gotten from the Office of Surveyor General of the Federation, it was digitized and used along with the acquired coordinates to create a database using ArcGIS 10.3 software. The resulting map was used to create a network analysis. Various Location-Allocation models were then used to assess and fix new optimal locations for ATMs in the study area. The results show that with a travel distance of 1.5km used in the models, the maximum coverage model is the most suitable location-allocation models, for a banking system that seeks for equity among various banks, ATM centers can be sited using this model. The marginalization that occurs from other model make them unfit for the banking industry. One of the final results from this study is that the optimal area for locating new ATMs amongst potential sites in terms of compatibility with the chosen criteria was achieved. This study suggests that; decision making future siting of ATMs to serve customers within this distance zone could use this model.
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    Assessing the risk of soil loss using geographical information system (GIS) and the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE)
    (2024-09-30) Ekundayo Adesina, Oluibukun Ajayi, Joseph Odumosu, Abel Illah
    Soil erosion poses a significant environmental challenge in many developing nations, and critically evaluating the threat of soil erosion is paramount for sustainable land management practices. This study aims to identify the contributing factors to erosion and estimate the amount of soil loss in the Bosso Local Government Area of Niger State, Nigeria, using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model. Factors like rainfall erosivity (𝑅), soil erodibility (𝐾), topography (𝐿𝑆), cover and management (𝐶), and support practices (𝑃), were integrated into a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment to generate variable layers. The estimated values of 𝑅,𝐾, 𝐿𝑆, 𝐶, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑃 ranged between 438.866 and 444.319 MJmmha-1 h-1 yr-1, 0.06 to 0.015 megajoules per hectare hour megajoules-1 hectare-1 millimeter-1, 0 and 572, 0 to 0.2, and 0 to 1, respectively. GIS raster calculations derived from these factors revealed a mean estimated soil loss rate of 0-6672.83t/h/yr-1 (tons per hectare per year). Notably, rainfall emerged as the most influential factor driving soil erosion within the study area. The study highlights the necessity for immediate intervention to mitigate soil erosion in the study area. Furthermore, to formulate effective conservation and management strategies, this study advocates for further research prioritizing severity analysis areas and estimating sediment loss across the region.