School of Environmental Technology (SET)
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School of Environmental Technology (SET)
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Item EVALUATION OF MICROSTRUCTURE AND COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH PROPERTIES OF BINARY BLEND ALKALINE ACTIVATED MORTAR(Journal of Science, Technology, Mathematics and Education (JOSTMED), 2021-09) NMADU, Helen Gogo, OGUNBODE, E. B., WUNA, M. A., ADAMU, B., SANI, M., & MUDASHIRU, S. H.Alkaline Activated materials have been proven recently to be the way of converting Agricultural, thermal and industrial waste into construction repair materials. This paper evaluates the microstructure and compressive properties of Cassava Peel Ash (CPA) incorporated Metakaolin (MK) based Alkaline Activated Mortar (AAM). Sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution were used as an alkaline activator and NaOH in varying concentrations of 6, 9 and 12 M. The mass ratios of sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide (NS: NH) and the binder to fine aggregate (B: A) were fixed to 2.5 and 0.4 respectively. The specimens were subjected to a curing temperature of 60ºC for a duration of 24 hours. The compressive strength of the synthesized AAMs was determined at 3, 7 and 28 days. The use of Scanning Electronic Microscope (SEM) was used to study the microstructure of the mortar. It is demonstrated that 50% of MK replaced CPA of 12m of NaoH achieved the highest compressive strength as much as 47.6 N/mm2 at 28 days curing. The strength and microstructural characteristics of the synthesized AAMs was significantly improved. The study showed that the use of Cassava Peel Ash and Metakaolin in the production of sustainable green geopolymer mortar is a suitable alternative repair material that is feasible both technically and environmentally.Item Effect of Alkali-Activation on Setting Characteristics of Binary and Ternary Blended Geopolymer Mortar(AL FARABI 4TH International congresson applied science,Erzurum Turkey, 2022-09-12) Nmadu Helen Gogo, Ogunbode E.B, Yusuf I.O, Hassan K.MTo achieve sustainability, efforts have been made to eliminate the problem connected with cement usage and production by completely replacing cement with an environmentally benign binder. This study investigates the impact of alkali activation on the setting properties of three precursors (Metakaolin, Cassava Peel Ash, and Rice Husk Ash) combined for binary and ternary geopolymer mortar. The fresh properties of geopolymer mortars, including flowability, setting time, and strength, were studied. For each test, a binary mortar mix ratio of CPA/MK, MK/RHA, and CPA/RHA, such as 100/0, 0/100, 75/25, 50/50, and 25/75, was assessed, as well as a ternary mortar mix ratio of MK/CPA/RHA, such as 100/100/100, 50/25/25, 25/50/25, and 25/25/50, and 100 percent PC (Control). As activators for geopolymer mortar mixture, 6M, 9M, and 12M concentrations of Na2SiO3/NaOH solutions were utilized. The results demonstrated that the control mortar containing 100 percent PC flowed less than the binary and ternary mortars. Mixtures with a greater proportion of CPA cure faster than those containing a greater proportion of MK or RHA. In addition, the water-to-binder absorption rate of RHA is greater than that of MK and CPA. On the basis of its soundness features, the 100 percent PC (control) exhibits less expansion than the binary and ternary blended geopolymer mixtures. As an environmentally friendly building material, geopolymer mortar has shown great feasibility and application potential, according to the current study.Item STRENGTHENING MORTAR BY USING A TERNARY GEOPOLYMER BINDER MADE OF CASSAVA PEEL ASH, METAKAOLIN, AND RICE HUSK ASH(Faculty of environmental science (FES,) RECONFES 001, Enugu state university of science and technology, 2022-06-08) OKWORI Lawrence Eshufu , OGUNBODE Ezekiel Babatunde , IBRAHIM Hassan Ogiri , NMADU Helen GogoAn alternative new ternary geopolymer mortar was developed to resolve a traditional mortar problem which exhibits several disadvantages, including poor strengths and surface microcracks and the CO2 air pollution. The ternary binder was produced using Cassava peel ash (CPA), Metakaolin (MK), and Rice husk ash (RHA) activated with an alkaline mixture of sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and 9 M NaOH in a mass ratio of 2.5. Five different mix proportions of CPA, MK, and RHA were used to fabricate the ternary geopolymer mortars (TGPM‘s). The water-to-binder ratio was 0.35. The mortars were heat cured for 24 h at 60℃ and then aged under room temperature. Mortar flow and compressive strength was tested. The results showed that the sample C70M20R10, which contained 70% CPA, 20% MK, and 10% RHA, exhibited high compressive strength (50.02 N/mm2 and 54.74 N/mm2 ) without any crack at 28 days and 56 days respectively, after being cured for 24 hours at 60C; however, the C90M07R03 mortar with optimal strength of 55.32 N/mm2 and 58.93N/mm2 for 28 days and 56 days respectively, showed some surface cracks. This ternary binder will be useful from an environmental viewpoint, as it reduces the waste disposed in landfills and helps prevent global warming. Production of new geopolymer binder of mortar as alternative to traditional cement binder with high early and normal strength from low cost waste materials and earth explored materials, less potential of cracking, less energy consumption need and low carbon dioxide emission.Item Evaluation of Shear Bond Strength of Geopolymer Mortar Containing Cassava Peel Ash and Metakaolin(School of environmental Technology (SETIC 2020) International conference, 2021-05-03) Wuna, M.A, Nmadu Helen Gogo, Ogunbode, E.B, Mohoro, I.S.The cement industry has been recorded to have contributed immensely to the high global carbon dioxide emissions the word is contesting with today. This has made researchers to looked for other sustainable substitutes. One of the possibility substitutes is geopolymer mortar, which has no cement content in it. Geopolymer mortar can be produced using agricultural and industrial wastes like cassava peel ash (CPA), rice husk ash (RHA), metakaolin (MK), fly ash (FA), and many more. Geopolymer have been proven recently to be the way of converting agricultural, thermal and industrial waste into construction repair materials. When comparing Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) mortar with geopolymer mortar, geopolymer mortar is considered as a highly eco-friendly product. This paper evaluates the compressive and shear bond strength properties of geopolymer mortar manufactured using Cassava Peel Ash (CPA) and Metakaolin (MK). Sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and 9 molar concentration of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution were used as alkaline activator. The mass ratios of sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide (NS: NH) and the binder to fine aggregate (B: A) were fixed to 2.5 and 0.4 respectively. The compressive strength of the synthesized GPM were determined at 3, 7 and 28-days. The compressive strength at 28 days curing was 46.5 N/mm2. Results revealed that 50% replacement of MK with CPA made with 9M concentration of NaoH enhanced the compressive strength of the mortar while 100% CPA content in the mortar demonstrated the highest shear bond strength value. The grooved surface improved the bonding strength. The bond strength results have proven that the surface texture must be considered in determining the bond strength. It is concluded that geopolymer mortar incorporating 100 percent metakaolin could be used in the construction industry with the almost negligible amount of environmental problems.