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Item Effect of Steel Fibre Reinforcement on the compressive strength of Natural Aggregate Concrete(Proceedings of the Nigerian Society of Engineers 2023 National Engineering Conference, Exhibition and Annual General Meeting, 2023-01-03) Malachi, G.; Kolo, D. N.; Abbass, B. A.Item Production of Pavement Blocks Using Low Density Polyethylene Product Waste(Proceedings of the 4th International Conference (SETIC), School of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria, 2023-01-02) Aboje, A. A.; Abbas, B. A.; Kolo, D. N.; Abubakar, M.; Abdulsalam A. M.Waste sachet water packs cause considerable land pollution in Nigeria. In this research, pavement block was produced using low density polyethylene products waste (sachet water packs) as an alternative binder. The production was achieved by first converting the sachet water packs into pellets and blending it with sandstone in a mass ratio of 8:2 (A), 7:3 (B) and 6:4 (C) sandstone to pellets respectively. The compressive strength, %water absorption and curing time tests were carried out on the pavement block to determine it suitability and safety for low-traffic use. The compressive strength for polymer concrete samples A, B and C were 13.65N/mm2 , 16.99N/mm2 and 20.34N/mm2 respectively. After carrying out the %water absorption test on the polymer concrete A, B and C the following result was obtained: 8.33%, 5.47% and 4.03% respectively. It should be noted that the polymer concrete samples and the control samples which (are cement concrete based) are for light-traffic use (pedestrian, plazas, shopping complexes ramps, car parks, office drive ways, rural roads with low traffic, and residential road).Item Effect of Aggregate Washing on Compressive Strength of Concrete produced Using Bida Natural Stone(Proceedings of the 2nd International Civil Engineering Conference, Department of Civil Engineering, Federal University of Technology Minna, Nigeria., 2020-02-01) Kolo, D. N.; Aguwa, J. I.; Tsado, T. Y.; Alhaji, B.; Joseph, O. F.Concrete is the most widely used construction material in the world, second to water as the most utilised substance on earth. Coarse aggregate is an essential component in concrete production; it has effect on the workability and mechanical properties of concrete. Bida Natural Stone (BNS) which is the by-product of Precambrian deposits of Bida trough was used as coarse aggregate, utilising unwashed and washed aggregates. A total of 80 concrete cubes of 150 × 150 × 150 mm were cast and used for this study, compressive strength tests were conducted after 28 days curing. The result of physical properties test conducted proved that BNS is suitable for concrete production. The result of compressive strength tests conducted shows that concrete produced using washed aggregate results in an increase in average compressive strength of about 11.46 % when compared to that produced using unwashed aggregate. Hence, construction professionals and workers utilising this aggregate (BNS) in the Bida basin are encouraged to practice aggregate washing before concrete works.Item Reliability Studies on Reinforced Concrete Column Subjected to Axial Load with Natural Stone as Coarse Aggregate(Nnamdi Azikiwe University Journal of Civil Engineering (NAUJCVE), 2024-01-02) Kolo, D. N.; Aguwa, J. I.; Abubakar, M.This paper presents the reliability assessment of a reinforced concrete column subjected to Axial loading. Locally available natural aggregate (NA) was used in concrete production, the results of preliminary tests revealed the aggregate was adequate for concrete production. A typical column cross section of 230 × 240 × 3000mm was adopted and probabilistically assessed. First Order Reliability Method (FORM) was employed to estimate the implied probabilities of failures. The results of the sensitivity analysis showed that the reinforced concrete column is structurally safe at length, breadth and depth of 3200, 240 and 230 mm with Probability of Failures of 1.14 ×10-3, 8.45 × 10-4 and 8.45 × 10-4 respectively.Item Reducing Concrete's Permeability through the use of Crystal-X as an additive mixture.(Bani Waleed University Journal of Human and Applied Sciences, 2024-11-02) Ateig, N. S.; Milad, A. M. L.; Musbah, A. A.; Kolo, D. N.The permeability of concrete refers to its capacity to allow the passage of water and moisture. Permeability plays a crucial role in various aspects, including preserving the longevity and visual appeal of structures, as well as minimizing issues related to leakage and deterioration. Several methods have been devised to enhance the permeability of concrete, and one such method involves incorporating chemical crystals called Crystal-X. These materials improve the concrete's hydrophobic properties, reducing the likelihood of water leakage. Crystal-X possesses the capacity to absorb water that is found within the pores of the concrete and transform it into crystals that are not soluble. When the pores become saturated with these crystals, they create a barrier that prevents water and moisture from entering. The outcomes of multiple laboratory tests performed on both fresh and hardened concrete were elucidated and clarified subsequent to the incorporation of Crystal-X as an additive, at dosages ranging from 0.9% to 1.3% of the weight of the cement. The concrete's workability was assessed through a slump test, while its hardened state was evaluated through tests measuring compressive strength, permeability, and absorption rate. After a curing period of 28 days, the addition of Crystal-X at a rate of 1.3 % by weight of cement resulted in a 15.93% increase in the compressive strength of the concrete. Similarly, the permeability of the concrete decreased by 11.9% when Crystal-X was added at the same rate.Item Environmental Effects of Road Construction Waste(. USEP: Journal of Research Information in Civil Engineering, 2023-02-12) Kolo, S. S.; Abdulrahman, H. S.; Kolo, D. N.; Shehu, M.; Adamu, H. N.,; Eze, F. E.This research work investigates the various waste streams generated during road construction and their effect on environment. The method employed in this research work is categorized into waste type generated on construction site using reconnaissance surveys, data collection and data analysis methods. Four construction project sites in Minna, Nigeria, were used with the aim that these sites will provide a platform to acquire valuable data. It was discovered that mortar or concrete waste and wood waste has the highest percentage of 22% to 39% and asphalt has about 4 % waste and this was largest percentage of waste generated and this was mainly due to the human error, the use of inadequately trained and unskilled labour. The study however made case for adequate attention and concentration towards improving effective waste management by implementing proper waste management and disposal systems and encouraging the use of recycled materials in road construction. This will greatly reduce the cost of construction, increase efficiency, reduce work time and replenish the earths rapidly depleting natural resources used in construction like wood and bitumen.Item Reliability studies on reinforced concrete beam subjected to bending forces with natural stone as coarse aggregate(Asian Journal of Civil Engineering, 2020-01-12) Kolo, D. N.; Aguwa, J. I.; Tsado, T. Y.; Abdullahi, M.; Yusuf, A.; Oritola, S. F.This paper presents the results of structural reliability analysis of a structural element (beam) in building using First-order reliability method (FORM) to ascertain the level of safety. The natural stone (NS) which is the by-product of Precambrian deposits of the Bida trough was used as coarse aggregate: unwashed and washed aggregates were used. A total of 80 concrete cubes of 150 mm × 150 mm × 150 mm were cast and used for this study, sensitivity analysis was conducted by varying the span, depth, effective depth, area of shear reinforcement and dead load of the beam in bending. The result of the sensitivity analysis revealed that the beam utilising unwashed and washed NS are both structurally safe at a span of 3000 mm with probabilities of failure of 9.20 × 10–5 and 2.06 × 10–8 and both safe at a depth of 600 mm with probabilities of failure of 4.19 × 10–4 and 2.602 × 10–4, respectively, in bending.