School of Physical Sciences (SPS)
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School of Physical Sciences (SPS)
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Item COA-SOWUNMI'S LEMMA AND ITS APPLICATION TO THE STABILITY ANALYSIS OF EQUILIBRIUM STATES OF THE NON-LINEAR AGE-STRUCTURED POPULATION MODEL(International Journal of Mathematics and Physical Sciences Research, 0205-04-10) Akinwande, N. I.; Somma, Samuel AbuAbstract: In this work, we present a result in the form of a lemma which we name COA-Sowunmi’s Lemma, its proof and application to the stability analysis of the transcendental characteristics equation arising from the perturbation of the steady state of the non-linear age-structured population model of Gurtin and MacCamy [11]. Necessary condition for the asymptotic stability of the equilibrium state of the model is obtained in the form of constrained inequality on the vital parameters of the model. The result obtained is then compared with that of an earlier work by the [4].Item A Seismic Refraction Study of the Influence of Basement Topography on Existing Run-of Channel at Television Village Campus of Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna Nigeria.(2004) ADETONA, Adebayo Abbass, Agelaga A.G.Item Geoelectrical survey for Groundwater at the Gidan Kwano Campus of the Federal University of Technology minna.(Enviromental Technology and Science Journal (ETSJ),, 2006) 44 Udensi E.E, Unuevho C.I., Jonah S.A., Ofor P.N., Adetona A.A., Salako K.A., GanaC.S.,Nwosu J.E., Mulero E.O., Iwuafor H. O., Akinloye O.A., and Owolabi E.OVertical electrical sounding (VES) was carried out at Union Site Gidan kwano campus, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria. The objective is to delineate area suitable for structural development and soil corrosivity of the study area. Schlumberger electrode configuration was adopted with maximum current electrode spacing (AB/2) of 100 m. The profile separations was 100 m with inter vertical electrical soundings (VES) point spacing of 100 m. Total of sixty (60) vertical electrical soundings (VES) station were covered. The interpretation revealed three distinct geologic layers. These include topsoil with resistivity values range between 11.41 and 1009 ohm-m and thickness is relatively thin and ranges between 1 and 6 m. The weathered/fractured layer has resistivity values also ranges from 11 to 963 ohm-m with thickness ranges from 1 to 45 which indicate high degree of weathered/fracture and/or water saturation, The fresh basement has resistivity values that range between 12 and 2983 ohm-m. All the soundings are 3-layered and are characterised by A, H and Q curve types. Seventeen (17) VES station were delineated for high rise building having depths to fresh basement varying between 2 m to 5 m (where consolidated basement is shallow with high resistivity value). The corrosivity ratings of the study area shows that 13% is moderately corrosive, 8% is slightly corrosive and 79% suggest practically noncorrosive. The result reasonably provide information areas where high rise building can be sited and iron pipe can be laid in order to safeguard the hydrological setting of the area.Item Factors Influencing Patient Dose in Diagnostic Radiography.(SET, 2008) OLARINOYE, OYELEKE; Igwe, KItem ANALYSIS AND DESRIPTION OF THREESTAGES HEAR TREATMENT REQUIRED IN THE FIBRICATION OF ADJUSTABLE DIE(THREAD CUTTING TOOL)USING HIGH CARBON STEEL(AFRICAN JOURNAL O ENGINEERING RESERACH AND DEVELOPMENT, 2008) ADETONA, Adebayo AbbassThe work sample high grade carbon steel for annealing before machining it into a cutting tool the resultant tool was quenched in red oil from a temperature of 800 degrees centigrade to room temperature and was tested for work abilityItem Measurement of Background Gamma Radiation Levels at Two Tertiary Institutions in Minna, Nigeria(2010-03-14) OLARINOYE, OYELEKE; SHARIFAT, I.; BABA-KUTIGI, A, N.; *KOLO, M.T.; **ALADENIYI, K; BABA-KUTIGI, A, N.;; KOLO, M.T.; ALADENIYI, KAn in-situ measurement of the background radiation level was carried out at the vicinity of three campuses of two major tertiary institutions in Minna. A portable Geiger-Mueller tube-based environmental radiation dosimeter was used for the measurement. A total of 34 point was surveyed across the three institutions for background environmental radiation. The dose rate range obtained are: at the Niger State College of Education Minna (NCM), the dose rate varies from 0.125 µSv/hr to 0.171µSv/hr; at the Federal University of Technology Bosso Campus (FUTB) it wass between 0.152 µSv/hr and 0.184 µSv/hr; and at the Federal University of Technology Gidan Kwano campus FUTG it was between 0.137 µSv/hr and 0.184 µSv/hr. In all the 34 points surveyed the mean dose rate was 0.154 µSv/hr with a standard deviation of 0.017 µSv/hr. Generally, the dose rate level in each of the institutions surveyed are comparable to one another and could simply be attributed to natural sources. The Average annual effective dose obtained from this study is 0.189 mSv/annum which is still less than the recommended limit of 1mSv/annum by International Commission on Radiation Protection [ICRP] for non occupational population exposure.Item Measurement of Radio Refractive index in the first 100 m layer over Minna in North Central Nigeria(The Nigerian Journal of Space Research, 2011) K. C. Igwe, O. D. Oyedum, J. A. Ezenwora, J. O. Eichie and A. S. MosesTropospheric radio refractivity at surface and 100 m levels is investigated from in-situ measurement of atmospheric pressure, temperature and relative humidity made in Minna (9o 37''N, 6o 30''E), North central Nigeria. Daily measurement of the atmospheric variables was made at 30 minutes interval. The instrument used is the Vantage PRO II Automatic Weather Station and the data used was for a period of 12 months (January to December 2008). The results obtained show that the values of refractive index at both levels were high in the morning and late evening/night hours while the values were low during the afternoon hours. Also, statistical analysis of radio refractive index gradients was carried out and the Cumulative frequency distribution shows that the atmosphere over Minna was sub refractive for about 50% of the time with positive gradients appearing occasionally, super refractive for about 40% of the time while normal refraction occurred for only 10% of the time.Item ANALYSIS OF NUCLEAR POWER GENERATION AND MANAGEMENT IN NIGERIA(The Nigerian Journal of Research and Production, 2011-04) Eze, C. N.Abstract Energy is the biggest challenge of the twenty-first century. We must lift much of the world out of poverty, which will require large increases in energy production while simultaneously curbing greenhouse gas emissions. In order to accomplish this, we must adopt solutions that are based on efficiency, renewable, nuclear energy production and safety, and if it can be demonstrated, carbon sequestration and then adopt the idea which said that “an energy future without a significant contribution from nuclear energy simply isn't an option”. Since renewables are by their very nature intermittent, they cannot have a huge impact unless--and until--we develop adequate energy storage technologies and drastically improve our fragile electricity distribution network. In a developing country like Nigeria where energy demand is far more than the supply due to insufficient power generation, incessant outage of power as a result of failure of power generation plants, due to technical faults and ageing, the use of nuclear power plant provides answers to the problems of electricity generation. Since energy is important for socio-economic development considering safety, economy, reliability, sustainability and even waste management, nuclear energy as an alternative source of energy should be used. The nuclear power option once again is appealing to some opinion leaders in the world. As an alternative to fossil fuels and looming energy crisis, we can find a solution to the problem of climate change, environmental degradation, and fossil fuel dependency, while guaranteeing equitable, sustainable development. Many problems stand in the way of this so called renaissance, not least the mammoth costs involved and the fact that no safe system has yet been devised for the long-term storage of nuclear wastes. Furthermore despite many improvements in the safety of nuclear power plants, worries persist about the risk of nuclear accidents such as those that occurred at Three Mile Island in USA in 1979 and Chernobyl in Ukraine in 1986. However, this alternative source of energy will pose a political problem in that nuclear power plant could be used for both military and economic purposes. It is observed that all attempts, so far, to produce enough electricity power for its citizens have hit the rocks in this country, Nigeria, due to various reasons including inefficiency and corruption. The purpose of this paper is to urge Nigeria (and other countries like it) not to give up its efforts to generate sufficient electric power by the usual traditional methods (coal, solar, wind, etc) but to continue to try until success has been achieved in the short term and to vigorously endeavour to go nuclear in the long term since nuclear generation of electricity is the ultimate in power supply. The paper also shows how the nuclear program has been achieved in some other countries and how Nigeria can follow suit in the development of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes.Item ASSESSMENT OF NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY LEVELS AND RADIATION HAZARDS IN THE TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN MINNA, NIGER STATE, NIGERIA.(2012) Kolo, M. T.,; Baba-Kutigi, A. N.,; OLARINOYE, OYELEKE; Sharifat, I.Item A MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF MEASLES DISEASE DYNAMICS(Journal of Science, Technology, Mathematics and Education (JOSTMED), 2012-08-25) Abubakar, Samuel; Akinwande, N. I.; Abdulrahman, S.In this paper a Mathematical model was proposed for measles disease dynamics. The model is a system of first order ordinary differential equations with three compartments: Susceptible S(t); Infected I(t) and Recovered R(t). The equilibrium state for both Disease Free and Endemic equilibrium are obtained. Conditions for stability of the Disease Free and Endemic equilibrium are obtained from characteristics equation and Bellman and Cooke theorem respectively. The hypothetical values were used to analyze the Endemic Equilibrium and the result was presented in tabular form. The results from the Disease Free and Endemic Equilibrium state showed that once the epidemic breaks out, the population cannot sustain it.Item Computational Analysis of a one-dimensional nonlinear reactive contaminant flow with an initial continuous point source by homotopy-perturbation method.(Journal of the Nigerian Association of Mathematical Physics, 2012-11-05) Aiyesimi, Y. M.; JIMOH, OMANANYI RAZAQIn this paper, a Homotopy-perturbation analysis of a non–linear reactive contaminant flow equation with initial continuous point source is provided. The equation is described by advection, diffusion and adsorption. We assume that the adsorption term is modeled by Freudlich Isotherm. We provide an approximation of this equation using homotopy-perturbation transformation and solve the resulting linear equations analytically. The graphs of the concentration against the distance, reaction parameter and time are presented and analyzed to determine the effects of increase in the reaction coefficient, time and distance on the concentration. Findings from this research show that the concentration of the contaminant decreases with time and decreases faster when the value of the reaction parameter α is high.Item Investigating the structures within the Lower Benue and Upper Anambra basins, Nigeria, using first Vertical Derivative, Analytical Signal and (CET) centre for exploration targeting plug-in(SCIENCE PUBLISHING GROUP, 2013) ADETONA, Adebayo Abbass, , ABU MALLAMAbstract: The IGRF-corrected 2009 aeromagnetic data over the Lower Benue and Upper Anambra basins Nigeria was subjected to both Vertical and Horizontal Derivatives, Analytical Signal and CET grid analysis, these digital processing tools were achieved both on map and profile analysis. From the analysis of both the Vertical and Horizontal Derivatives the study area could be divided into two regions based on the degree of distortion to the magnetic signatures the Northern and the Western edge of the area is covered by short wavelength magnetic anomalous signatures that are the characteristic of outcrop and shallow intrusive magnetic bodies, while the remaining part of the study area is characterized by medium to long wavelength magnetic signatures that are attributes of deep sited magnetic rocks in areas of medium to thick sedimentations. Result of the Analytical Signal which is in local amplitude reveals regions with outcrop of magnetic rocks having amplitudes ranging from 0.230 to 0.40 (shown as pink color), area with magnetic rock intruding into sedimentary formations at shallow depths, with amplitudes ranging from 0.094 to 0.229 cycles (shown as red color), while regions with magnetic rock intruding into sedimentary formations at greater depths, having very low amplitudes ranging from -0.085 to 0.055 cycles (shown in yellow to green color). Analyses due to CET grid analysis equally reveal the basement rocks to the North and Southern edge of the study area. Intrusions into the sedimentary formation are also revealed. The research discovered that the lower (southern) part of the area (on Angba and Otukpo area) shows structures (Basaltic rocks) that intrude into the basement which could have predate the sedimentation period, several fracture and fault lines are detected on the CET map, most prominent among them is that at the Southeastern corner of the area which trends NE-SW which can be attributed to an onshore extension of Charcots fault zone , and that which trends N-S is a fault line that controls the course of River Niger. These three features are responsible for the depressions where sediments can accumulate.Item A Homotopy-Perturbation analysis of the non-linear contaminant transport problem in one dimension with an initial continuous point source.(NIGERIAN JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH (NJTR), 2013-02-28) Aiyesimi, Y. M.; JIMOH, OMANANYI RAZAQIn this research work, a Homotopy-perturbation analysis of a non –linear contaminant flow equation with an initial continuous point source is provided. The equation is characterized by advection, diffusion and adsorption. We assume that the adsorption term is modeled by Freudlich Isotherm. We provide an approximation of this equation using homotopy-perturbation transformation and solve the resulting linear equations analytically by homotopy-perturbation method. Graphs are plotted using the solution obtained from the method and the results are presented, discussed and interpreted. The research findings show that the concentration increases with time and decreases as distance increases.Item Comparative Analysis of a Non-Reactive Contaminant Flow Problem for Constant Initial Concentration in Two Dimensions by Homotopy-Perturbation and Variational Iteration Methods.(Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 2013-05-10) JIMOH, OMANANYI RAZAQIn this paper, we present a comparative analysis of non-reactive contaminant flow problem for constant initial concentration in two dimensions by homotopy-perturbation and Variational Iteration method. We provide an approximation of this equation using homotopy-perturbation transformation and solve the resulting linear equations analytically by homotopy-perturbation method (HPM) and Variational Iteration Method (VIM). Graphs are plotted using the solution obtained from the method and the results are presented and discussed.Item Geological factors in civil engineering construction: the perspective of engineering geophysics using case histories from basement complex terrain of Nigeria(Journal of Science and today's world, 2013-06) Momoh, O. L.; Olasehinde, P. I.; Amadi, A. N.; Asema, A. I.; Omanayin, Y. A.Acknowledged factors of premature failure of most civil engineering construction include poor construction materials, bad design, drainage problems and usage factor. However, the foundation of civil engineering projects and its routes requires pre-knowledge of the subsurface geology that carries the load and hence the need for engineers to have adequate predesigned idea of the subsurface geology. While direct exploratory borehole drill for sample collection and insitu engineering tests are considered ultimate in this respect, the rich opportunities of geophysical tools in giving needed subsurface information cannot be over emphasized due to the combine high speed, relatively cheap and appreciable accuracy of the latter. Therefore, theoretical background of engineering geophysics and case histories from basement complex terrains of Nigeria are presented and discussed with respect to civil engineering constructions. Keywords: geological factors, engineering geophysics, civil engineering construction, basement complexItem Stability Analysis of the Disease-Free Equilibrium State for Yellow Fever Disease(Development Journal of Science and Technology Research, 2013-08-22) Bawa, M.,; Abdulrahman, S.; Abubakar, Samuel; Aliyu, Y. B.In this paper, we developed and anaysed the disease-free equilibrium state of a new mathematical model for the dynamics of yellow fever infection in a population with vital dynamics, incorporating vaccination as control measure. We obtained the effective basic reproduction number which can be used to control the transmission of the disease and hence, established the conditions for local and global stability of the disease free equilibrium.Item A Mathematical Study of Contaminant Transport with First-order Decay and Time-dependent Source Concentration in an Aquifer(Universal Journal of Applied Mathematics, 2013-11-05) Olayiwola, R. O.; Jimoh, O. R.; Yusuf, A.; Abubakar, SamuelA mathematical model describing the transport of a conservative contaminant through a homogeneous finite aquifer under transient flow is presented. We assume the aquifer is subjected to contamination due to the time-dependent source concentration. Both the sinusoidally varying and exponentially decreasing forms of seepage velocity are considered for the purposes of studying seasonal variation problems. We use the parameter-expanding method and seek direct eigenfunctions expansion technique to obtain analytical solution of the model. The results are presented graphically and discussed. It is discovered that the contaminant concentration decreases along temporal and spatial directions as initial dispersion coefficient increases and initial groundwater velocity decreases. This concentration decreases as time increases and differs at each point in the domain.Item Approximate Solution of SIR Infectious Disease Model Using Homotopy Perturbation Method (HPM).(The Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 2013-11-13) S. Abubakar; N.I. Akinwande; JIMOH, OMANANYI RAZAQ; F.A. Oguntolu; O.D. OgwumuIn this paper we proposed a SIR model for general infectious disease dynamics. The analytical solution is obtained using the Homotopy Perturbation Method (HPM). We used the MATLAB computer software package to obtain the graphical profiles of the three compartments while varying some salient parameters. The analysis revealed that the efforts at eradication or reduction of disease prevalence must always match or even supersede the infection rate.Item A Mathematical Study of Contaminant Transport with First-order Decay and Time-dependent Source Concentration in an Aquifer(Universal Journal of Applied Mathematics, 2013-12-10) Rasaq O. Olayiwola; JIMOH, OMANANYI RAZAQ; Abdulhakeem Yusuf; Samuel AbubakarA mathematical model describing the transport of a conservative contaminant through a homogeneous finite aquifer under transient flow is presented. We assume the aquifer is subjected to contamination due to the time-dependent source concentration. Both the sinusoidally varying and exponentially decreasing forms of seepage velocity are considered for the purposes of studying seasonal variation problems. We use the parameter-expanding method and seek direct eigenfunctions expansion technique to obtain analytical solution of the model. The results are presented graphically and discussed. It is discovered that the contaminant concentration decreases along temporal and spatial directions as initial dispersion coefficient increases and initial groundwater velocity decreases. This concentration decreases as time increases and differs at each point in the domain.Item Bifurcation Analysis on the Mathematical Model of Measles Disease Dynamics(Universal Journal of Applied Mathematics, 2013-12-12) Abubakar, Samuel; Akinwande, N. I.; Abdulrahman, S.; Oguntolu, F. A.In this paper we proposed a Mathematical model of Measles disease dynamics. The Disease Free Equilibrium (DFE) state, Endemic Equilibrium (EE) states and the characteristic equation of the model were obtained. The condition for the stability of the Disease Free equilibrium state was obtained. We analyze the bifurcation of the Disease Free Equilibrium (DFE) and the result of the analysis was presented in a tabular form.