School of Food Science and Agricultural Technology (SFSAT)
Permanent URI for this communityhttp://repository.futminna.edu.ng:4000/handle/123456789/496
School of Food Science and Agricultural Technology (SFSAT)
Browse
18 results
Search Results
Item Genetic diversity of Nigerian Indigenous Sheep breeds at the βLactoglobulin gene locus .(Genetics and Biodiversity Journal, 2020-06-10) Abubakar, G. R.; Ezewudo, E. A.; Egena, S. S. A.; Usman, AbdulkadirThe study assessed genetic diversity of four Nigerian sheep populations namely; Balami, Yankasa, Ouda and West African Dwarf (WAD) making use of blood sample. Extracted DNAs were used to study polymorphism at the β-lactoglobulin gene locus using RLFP-PCR process. Results revealed the percentage polymorphic locus was 100% while Shannon’s information index, observed homozygosity, expected heterozygosity, unbiased expected heterozygosity and fixation index were 0.656, 0.516, 0.464, 0.477 and -0.075, respectively. The gene flow (Nm) for all the population was estimated to be 7.65. The pairwise Fst was low and within the range of 0.0004(between Balami and WAD) to 0.0520 (between Balami and Yankasa). Variation within and between the populations of sheep shows that a large proportion of the observed variance (98% at p < 0.01) occurred within the breeds while only 2 % of the variance (p < 0.01) was contributed due to differences among the breeds. The nearest genetic distance was between the Balami and WAD (0.001) and between Ouda and the WAD (0.001). Phylogenetic analysis revealed three clusters. The present study showed that effort should be made to prevent the wearing away of the genetic make-up of the sheep populations considering the negative fixation index.Item Economy of Production and Carcass quality of Rabbits Fed African Loust Bean ( Parkia biglobosa) Fruit Pulp Based Diets(Nigerian Journal of Animal Priduction. Nigerian Society for Animal Production, 2025-01-12) Usman, Abdulkadir; Malik, A. A.; Ijaiya, A. T.; Patrick, D.Recent researches have shown that the African locust bean fruit pulp contains 6.56 % crude protein (CP), 11.75 % crude fibre (CF), 4.18 % ash, 1.80 % ether extract (EE), 67.30 % nitrogen free extracts (NFE), with a metabolizable energy value of 2420 Kcal/kg; and has the potential to replace maize in the diets of growing rabbits. A study was carried out to determine the effect of dietary inclusion of Parkia biglobosa fruit pulp (PBFP) on the economy of feed conversion, carcass characteristics and sensory properties of the meat of rabbits. A total of forty-five mixed sex and mixed breed (New Zealand White X California White) weaner rabbits of 5 to 6 weeks of age, with an average weight of about 700.00 ± 0.05 g, were used for the study. The rabbits were randomly allotted to five treatment diets, consisting of 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 % dietary inclusion levels of Parkia biglobosa fruit pulp (PBFP) in a completely randomized design model. Feeding trial lasted for 12 weeks, at the end of which 15 rabbits were randomly selected, one from each replicate, and slaughtered by severing their throats with a sharp knife and processed for their carcass characteristics. Thereafter, lean meat samples from the lumbar region were harvested and used for sensory evaluation. Results showed that live weight, dressing %, weight of neck, hind limbs, full intestine, liver, lungs, heart, spleen and skin (%) significantly (P<0.05) varied across the treatments. The dressing percentage of rabbits fed 20 % Parkia fruit pulp (58.92 %) was significantly (P<0.05) higher than 50.16, 48.92, 47.61 and 46.83 % in rabbits fed 0, 10, 30 and 40 % dietary inclusion level of PBFP, respectively. Also, there were significant (P<0.05) differences in the appearance and tenderness of the meat of rabbits, whereas juiciness, flavour and general acceptability did not show any significant (P>0.05) difference across the treatments. Higher overall scores of 8.20, 7.70, 7.50, 7.40 and 7.55 were recorded for meat from rabbits fed 20 % dietary inclusion level of PBFP for all the sensory parameters (appearance, tenderness, juiciness, flavour and general acceptability, respectively) monitored. Also, proportionate increase in the inclusion of PBFP in the diets of rabbits resulted in a relative decrease in the cost of production. It was therefore concluded that inclusion of PBFP in the diets of rabbits at 20 % level produced optimum effect on the economy of feed conversion, carcass characteristics and sensory properties of rabbit meat. .Item Proximate and Phytochemical Composition of Shea nut Cake in Borgu, Niger State, Nigeria(International Journal of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, 2024-01-04) Idris, H.; Kudu, Y. S.; Yisa, M.; Malik, A. A.; Usman, Abdulkadir; Ukewase, I. K.Shea nut cake (SNC), a major by-product from Shea butter production has proximate nutrients which are not readily available for utilization by animals due to the presence of anti-nutritional factors, mainly the obromine, saponin and tannins. The present work evaluated the effectiveness of physical processing methods on samples (A - unprocessed Shea nut cake, B – soaked in water for 48 hours, rinsed, strained and sun dried; C – soaked for 48 hours by changing of water after 24 hours, rinsed, strained and sun dried; D - soaked in water for 72 hours by changing of water after every 24 hours, rinsed, strained and sun dried; E - soaked in water for 72 hours, rinsed, strained and sun dried; F- boiled up to 101 oC and sun dried) for reducing the anti-nutritional factors present in the she nut cake. The proximate composition analysis result showed that SNC was high in protein (8.33 to 13.99%) and ether extract (8.49 to 11.88%). The increasing order for effectiveness of the processing methods in reducing the tannin content of SNC was as follows: FItem Underestimated economic and social burdens of non-Typhoidal Salmonella infections: The One Health perspective from Nigeria(ELSEVIER One Health, 2023-04-19) Abdullahi O. Sanni; Joshua Onyango; Ana Felis Rota; Orsolya Mikecz; Usman, Abdulkadir; Ugo PicaCiamarra; Folorunso O. FasinaBackground: The non-typhoidal salmonellosis (NTS) is a pathogenic bacterial zoonosis with substantial but often under-appreciated public health impacts. The NTS is prevalent in poultry and humans in Nigeria, yet its economic and social burden have not been determined through any empirical study. To bridge the gap, we evaluated the impact of NTS in social and economic terms. Methods: Relevant population, economic and epidemiological data were retrieved from peer-reviewed publications, open sources and relevant authorities. Additional data were obtained through experts' opinions and field surveys. Using a customized and validated Microsoft Excel® tool, economic analysis was conducted. Results: Using the year 2020 reference point, the burden of NTS was 325,731 cases and a total of 1043 human deaths, at a disability-adjusted life year (DALYs) of 37,321. The cost associated with infection in humans was US$ 473,982,068. A total loss of US$ 456,905,311 was estimated in poultry including the direct value of animal loss, US$ 224,236,769, loss from salvage slaughter and culling, US$ 220,386,556, and value of foregone production, US$ 12,281,987. Interpretation: The outcomes of this important work provide empirical evidence to support informed decisions and investments in the control and eradication of human and poultry salmonellosis (NTS) in NigeriaItem Risk Factors for Persistent Infection of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella in Poultry Farms, North Central Nigeria(Antibiotics MDPI, 2022-08-18) Sanni, A.O; Onyango, J; Usman, Abdulkadir; Abdulkarim, L.O; Jonker, A; Fasina, F.OSalmonellosis is a bacterial zoonosis causing an array of health conditions. Non-typhoidal salmonellosis (NTS) has a discrete adaptation to certain animals; in poultry, pullorum and fowl typhoid are its primary disease manifestations. The diseases are prevalent in Nigerian poultry and have been well-studied in Nigeria, but less so in North Central Nigeria (NCN). Using field sampling, laboratory methods and a semi-structured questionnaire for 1000 poultry farms in NCN, we explored the incidence and risk factors for the persistence of NTS infection in poultry. Approximately 41.6% of the farms had experienced NTS over the last 18 months. Farm experience of NTS moderatelypredicted awareness of salmonellosis. Increasing stock in smallholder farms, self-mixing of con centrate on the farm, usage of stream water, pen odour, non-adherence and partial adherence of farms to recommended poultry vaccination against pullorum and fowl typhoid and lack of and non-adherence to biosecurity were identified risk factors that increased the odds of NTS infection in poultry. Antibiotic use practice may have reduced the isolation rate of NTS, yet NTS continues to challenge poultry farms in Nigeria. Identified risk practices must be mitigated intentionally and biosecurity and hygiene must be improved to reduce the burden of NTSItem IN VIVO TREATMENT OF COCCIDIAL ORGANISMS USING ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF RIPE PAWPAW (Carica papaya) SEEDS AND ITS EFFECT ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND HAEMATOLOGY OF BROILER CHICKENS.(AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND ALLIED SCIENCES, 2025) Adama, J. Y.; Abdulkadir, U.; Kolo, P. S.; Christopher, K. SThe study was carried out to assess the anticoccidial effect of ethanolic extract of ripe pawpaw (Carica papaya) seeds in the treatment of coccidial organisms in broiler chickens under natural infection. A total of 150 (day-old chicks) were randomly divided in 5 treatments (containing 3 replicates with 10 birds per replicate). The infected birds were administered dosage levels of ethanolic extract concentrations of 0g (amprolium), 2g, 3g, 4g, and 5g/ litres of drinking water for a period of eight (8) weeks, respectively. Data collected were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The phytochemical constituents of the extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, oil, protein, reducing sugar, saponins, tanins and terpenoids, The results of this experiment showed significant difference (P< 0.05) in the final body weight, survivability of the birds and significant reduction of the oocysts in the faecal samples of the birds across the treatments. Birds with highest levels of EERPS showed best result in the final Body weight and had low mortality and oocyst count which is close to those obtained in those treated with amprolium (T1). There was no significant difference (P >0.05) in the haematological parameters except the red blood cells (RBC). Thus, ethanolic extract of ripe pawpaw (Carica papaya) seeds can serve as an alternative to synthetic anticoccidial drugs in the prevention and control of coccidiosis in chickens.Item IN VIVO TREATMENT OF COCCIDIAL ORGANISMS USING ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF RIPE PAWPAW (Carica papaya) SEEDS AND ITS EFFECT ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND HAEMATOLOGY OF BROILER CHICKENS.(AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND ALLIED SCIENCES, 2025) Adama, J. Y.; Abdulkadir, U.; Kolo, P. S; Christopher, K. SThe study was carried out to assess the anticoccidial effect of ethanolic extract of ripe pawpaw (Carica papaya) seeds in the treatment of coccidial organisms in broiler chickens under natural infection. A total of 150 (day-old chicks) were randomly divided in 5 treatments (containing 3 replicates with 10 birds per replicate). The infected birds were administered dosage levels of ethanolic extract concentrations of 0g (amprolium), 2g, 3g, 4g, and 5g/ litres of drinking water for a period of eight (8) weeks, respectively. Data collected were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The phytochemical constituents of the extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, oil, protein, reducing sugar, saponins, tanins and terpenoids, The results of this experiment showed significant difference (P< 0.05) in the final body weight, survivability of the birds and significant reduction of the oocysts in the faecal samples of the birds across the treatments. Birds with highest levels of EERPS showed best result in the final Body weight and had low mortality and oocyst count which is close to those obtained in those treated with amprolium (T1). There was no significant difference (P >0.05) in the haematological parameters except the red blood cells (RBC). Thus, ethanolic extract of ripe pawpaw (Carica papaya) seeds can serve as an alternative to synthetic anticoccidial drugs in the prevention and control of coccidiosis in chickens.Item INFLUENCE OF WATTLE ON UDDER MEASUREMENTS AND MILK SAMPLES OF RED SOKOTO (MARADI) DOES RAISED SEMIINTENSIVELY IN MINNA, NIGER STATE, NIGERIA(Journal of Arid Agriculture, 2025) Kolo, P. S.; Alemede, I. C.; Egena, S. S. A.; Adama, J. Y.; Dikko, A. H.; Abubakar, M. B.A two-year study on the Influence of wattle in Red Sokoto (Maradi) goats on udder measurements, milk quantity and quality was carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Department of Animal Production, Federal University of Technology, Minna. Thirty-six (36) Red Sokoto goats comprising of thirty-two (32) does and four (4) bucks managed semi-intensively were used for the study. Parameters observed included udder circumference, distance between teats, change in udder circumference, change in distance between teats, teat length after milking, milk quantity and quality analysis. Data collected were analyzed using SAS statistical package. After the experiment, it was observed that Crosses between the wattle and the non-wattled had the highest (p<0.05) in terms of udder circumference before and after milking, quantity of milk and average daily milking. Wattled does in (T3 and T4) produced the highest (p<0.05) peak yield. Wattled does mated with watted bucks (T4) had the highest (p<0.05) total milk yield. Non-wattled does mated with non-wattled bucks (T1) and wattled does mated with wattled bucks (T4) had the highest (p<0.05) moisture content in the milk sample which reduced the availability of most minerals in the milk. In conclusion, attention should be focused on the crosses between the wattled and the nonwattled Red Sokoto as it gave best result in most parameters examined. Deliberate effort must be made to preserve the wattle gene to prevent the goats carrying the gene from going to extinctionItem EFFECT OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF WATERMELON PULP ON THE MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF RABBIT (Oryctolagus cuniculus) REPRODUCTIVE TRACT(Journal of Arid Agriculture, 2024) Kolo, P. S.; Adama, J. Y.; Obi, C.C.; Dikko, A. H.; Kolo, H. N.; Abubakar, M. B.The effect of aqueous extract of watermelon pulp on the morphometric characteristics of 40 matured mixed breeds of rabbit about 1200-1400g (comprising of 20 bucks, 20 does) reproductive tract was investigated. Watermelon pulp extract was at zinclusion levels of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 g per 80-ml of water. The rabbits were randomly allocated to five treatments comprising of four replicates per treatment at two rabbits per replicate making eight rabbits per treatment in a completely randomized design. Feeds were given ad-libitum for twelve weeks and water was provided daily for 20 hours while for the remaining hours of the day (4 hours), they were deprived of water so that they can take of the treatment dosage. At the end of the experiment, 4 rabbits (2 bucks and 2 does) were randomly selected from each treatment. The animals were sacrificed and eviscerated for reproductive organ weight determination. Data obtained were subjected to the analysis of variance (ANOVA) following completely randomized. design. Duncan’s Multiple Range Test, Duncan (1955) was used to determine the significant differences (p<0.05) among treatments means. The experimental results showed that the inclusion level of aqueous extract of watermelon pulp at 5 g per 80-ml of water produced the best performance in terms of reproductive organ weight and length for both the rabbit bucks and does. From the results obtained it is observed that inclusion of aqueous extract of watermelon pulp at 5 g per 80-ml water will lead to increased productivity in rabbit breeding programmes, however higher levels may result in decrease performance and should not be encouraged.Item Wattle gene and its influence on reproductive performance and rectal temperature in Red Sokoto (Maradi) does raised semi-intensively in Minna, Niger State, Nigeria.(Lapai Journal of Science and Technology,, 2023) Kolo, P. S.; Alemede, I. C.; Egena, S. S. A.; Adama, J. Y.; Omalu, I. C. J.; Abubakar, M. B.; Agboba, K.; Maidariya, H, A; Omolade, C.; Okike, C.,; Idajili, G.; Yusuf, A.; Apata, A. MA study on the Influence of wattle gene in Red Sokoto (Maradi) goats on reproductive performance and rectal temperature was carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Department of Animal Production, Federal University of Technology, Minna. Thirty-six (36) Red Sokoto goats comprising of thirty-two (32) does (ages between seven to eight months) and four (4) bucks (between one and half to two years of age) managed semi-intensively were used for the study. Parameters examined includes: Conception rate, Abortion Rate, Parturition, Gestation gain, Gestation length, Weight of does pre and post-partum kidding loss, Litter size, Body weight of kid(s) at birth, Mortality rate, Rate of twin/singles and Ratio of males to females, The rectal temperature, Progesterone and oestrogen profile of the does. The experiment revealed that: wattle gene had significant (p<0.05) influence on the reproductive performance of Red Sokoto does. Wattled does mated with wattled buck (T4) had the lowest weight of doe pre and post-partum. Wattled does mated with non-wattled buck (T3) and wattled does mated with wattled buck (T4) had the highest kidding loss and larger litter size. Nonwattled does mated with wattled buck (T2) and wattled does mated with non-wattled buck (T3) had the better birth weight of kids. Females mated with non wattled buck (T1) and (T3) had the highest conception rate of up to 62.5 %. Mating between the wattled and non-wattled (T2 and T3) had 0 % abortion. Mating between wattled does mated with wattled bucks (T4) had up to 50 % twins. Mating between non-wattled does mated with wattled bucks (T2) produced the highest number of males while mating between wattled does and wattled buck (T4) had the largest percentage of female kids (66.7 %).