School of Food Science and Agricultural Technology (SFSAT)
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School of Food Science and Agricultural Technology (SFSAT)
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Item Performance of starter broilers fed anaerobically fermented and lyle treated Delonix regia seed meal(Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2008) Egena, S.S.A.; Usman, Abdulkadir; Shiawoya, E.L.; Yahaya, S.K.; Ogunlowo, H.O.One hundred and twenty day-old Hubbard broiler birds were used to study the effects of anaerobic fermentation and lyle treatment of Delonix seed meal on the performance of starter broilers. The experimental period spanned 5 weeks. The birds were divided into four treatment groups of three replicates each using complete randomized design. The anaerobically fermented and lyle treated Delonix seed meal (AFLTDSM) was used to replace groundnut cake (GNC) at 0%, 5% and 7.5% level. Untreated raw Delonix seed meal (URDSM) was also used at 5% level in order to evaluate its effects on starter broiler performance. The four treatments were designated as T1, T2, T3 and T4 respectively. Parameters evaluated were mean body weight, daily body weight gain, mean feed intake, mean feed conversion ratio as well as apparent nutrient digestibility. The results showed that mean body weight, daily body weight gain, mean feed intake and mean feed conversion ratio were not significantly affected (p>0.05) by the substitution of GNC with AFLTDSM in the diets. However, apparent nutrient digestibility of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ash, ether extract (EE) and Nitrogen free extract (NFE) were significantly affected (p<0.05) by the treatment diets. Crude fibre (CF) digestibility was however not affected (p>0.05) by the inclusion of Delonix seed meal in the diets. It was concluded that AFLTDSM could be used as a substitute for GNC in starter broilers diet without any significant effect on the performance of the birds.Item Haematological Values of Broilers Managed on Titanium Dioxide Treated Litter(International Invention Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences, 2015-10) Adamy, Y. A.; Usman, Abdulkadir; Mera, U. M.; Abubakar, M. B.; Bello, A.; Umaru, M. A.An experiment was conducted to study the effect of TiO2 applied in Og/m", 30g/m, 60g/m and 120g/m concentration, as a litter treatment agent on litter bacteriology, haematology, ammonla emisslon and ammonia lesions on broilers fed standard commercial diet and water ad lib on wood shavings based deep litter system at a depth of 6cm and 16birds/m. Litter samples were collected weekly for ammonia while tissue samples were collected at the seventh week for histology and blood samples were als0 collected via cardiac venipuncture for haematology and blood chemistry. The result showed that RBC and wc were significantly (P<0.05) elevated in Og/mTio, treatment (3.86x10, 2.93x10, 3.01x102 2.34x10 and 27.16x10", 26.41x10', 21.47x10", 21.84x10") respectively. MCH and MCV were significantly (P<0.05) elevated (28.60pg, 34.26pg, 30.96pg, 44.71pg and 87.42f, 103.41fl, 93.62f1, 134.52f1) in the 120g/m Tiolitter treatments. There was a significant (P<0.05) elevation in serum sodium (132.27mEq/, 135.07mEql, 135.33mEql, 138.67mEq/); potassium (4.12mEq/, 4.18mEq/l, 4.03mEq/, 4.47mEq/); globulin (1.23g/dl, 1.85g/dl. 1.35g/dl, 2.47g/dl) and conjugated bilirubin (5.11mgldl, 5.52mg/dl, 5.56mgidi, 6.07mg/di) in 120g/mTio, litter treatment. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in ammonia even though 60g/m°Tio, litter treatment retained more ammonia (29.77, 29.25, 33.16, 30.01). It was concluded that Tio, is beneficial as a litter treatment agent especially at 60g/m rate.Item Mathematical Modeling of an Intelligent Poultry Feed Dispensing System(Journal of Digital Innovations & Contemp Res. In Sc., Eng & Tech, Creative Research Publishers for the International Center for IT and Developments, 2017-06-13) Ameh, C.A.,; Olaniyi, O.M; Dogo, E.M.,; Usman, Abdulkadir; Aliyu, S.,; Alkali, BAbstract Abstract The mathematical modeling of control systems and other industrial applications has helped to shape the design and performance of different systems. One of the problems faced by existing designs of poultry feed dispensing system in the tropics is feed wastage often resulting in high cost of production. Several measures that can be used to evaluate the performance of poultry flock especially broilers are growth rate, days to market, mortality, and feed efficiency. Feed is typically the most costly expense in broiler production. As a result, feed efficiency is typically the primary tool by which a flock is evaluated. This research mathematically model an intelligent poultry feed dispensing system that will dispense both solid and liquid feed which will reduce the unusual level of human involvement, feed wastage, contamination and high cost of production. The mathematical model encompasses the speed control of a DC motor which will regulate the to and fro motion of the conveyor brushes and control the flow of the solid feed. The control of the digital valves regulates the flow rate of the liquid feed in and out of the dispensing system. The mathematical model was simulated in MATLAB r2015b environment. The simulated results showed that the system under state-space is controllable and observable when the Kalman matrix test was carried out. At the end, a dynamic model for optimized balance among better yield, returns on investment and cost of operation in dispensing poultry feed was developed.Item Survey of Foetal Wastages: A case Study of Makurdi Abattoir in Benue State from 1997 to 2002(Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2008) Usman, Abdulkadir; Jiya, E. Z.; Akosu, S.This study was conducted to evaluate the causes and effects of foetal wastage in the Nigeria livestock industry, following indiscriminate slaughter of pregnant cows in Makurdi Abattoir, Benue State. A total of 45, 742 were slaughtered in the abattoir, with a total of 1,508 (3.9%) fetuses recovered from 1997 to 2002. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) between fetuses and years.Item Some biological activities of Garcinia kola in growing rats(VETERINARSKI ARHIV , Printed in Croatia, 2001-10-23) Uko, Otor John; Usman, Abdulkadir; Ataja, Mohammed AbuThe biological activities of water extract from Garcinia kola (G. kola) were investigated in growing Wistar rats. Three doses of G. kola extract (0, 10, 20 mg G. kola/100g body mass of rat) were administered daily by gavage to the respective groups of 15 rats for a period of 70 days. The animals were offered standard rat diet and water ad libitum. The plant extract had a depressive effect (P<0.01) on appetite and water intake with resultant poor (P<0.05) feed utilization efficiency and mass gain of rats in a dose-dependent manner. Plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities were elevated (P<0.05) but histological examinations of liver, heart and lungs of experimental rats revealed no alterations. Nevertheless, a significant (P<0.05) increase in leucocyte counts was adduced for possible mild degenerative changes in these organs. The extract enhanced sexual interest (libido) of the male rats but did not necessarily improve their fertility rate.