School of Food Science and Agricultural Technology (SFSAT)
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School of Food Science and Agricultural Technology (SFSAT)
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Item Response of broiler birds fed diets containing varying levels of dried watermelon rind at finisher phase(Nigerian Journal Animal. Science, 2021) Otu, B. O.; Banjo, A. A.; Kolo, P. S.; Ibrahim, A. D.A feeding trial was conducted to investigate growth performance and nutrient digestibility of experimental diets formulated with dried watermelon rind to replace wheat offal, fed to broiler chickens at finisher phase. One hundred and fifty day-old “ROSS 360” broiler chicks were randomly allotted to five dietary treatments of thirty (30) birds per treatment. Each treatment was replicated three times with ten birds per replicate in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) arrangement. Five experimental diets containing dried watermelon rind at varying levels of replacement were formulated and designated as T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 with replacement levels of 0 %, 25 %, 50 %, 75 % and 100 % respectively. Initial body weight, final body weight, body weight gain, feed itake, feed conversion ration and apeparent digestibility of crude proten, fibre, ash and nitrogen free extract were measured. There were no significant (P>0.05) differences among the treatment groups for all the growth parameters except for feed conversion ratio. Final weight ranged from 1223.33 to 1305.19 g; while daily feed intake, daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio ranged from 89.46 to 97.95 g, 35.26 to 38.25 g and 2.35 to 2.78, respectively. The nutrient digestibility indicates significant (p<0.05) difference in crude fibre, ash, ether extract and NFE, while that of crude protein, dry matter and total digestible nutrient were not significantly (P>0.05) different. Crude protein, dry matter and TDN ranges between 67.47 % to 69.15 %, 79.10 % to 80.72 and 74.35 to 78.68 respectively. The study concluded that 25 % replacement of wheat offal with dried watermelon rind can be effective for optimal growth performance and complete replacement for fibre and energy requirement in producing broiler chickens without compromising performance or any deleterious effect.Item Carcass yield and haematological indices of broiler chickens fed diets containing varying levels of dried watermelon rind (DWMR)(Nigerian Journal Animal Science, 2021) Banjo, A. A.; Otu, B. O.; Kolo, P. S.; Kolo, H. N.; Omolola, B.; Sajoh, M150 day old unsex broiler chicks were used for the experiment to determine the effect of replacement of wheat offal with dried watermelon rind on the carcass yield and haematological indices of broiler birds. The chicks were randomly distributed into five treatments with each treatment having three replicates with ten chicks per replicate. Carcass yield and haematological indices were conducted in a completely randomized design comprising five dietary treatments such that T1 was served as the control, T2 were fed 25% DWMR replacement, T3 had 50 % DWMR, T4 had 75 % DWMR and T5 were given 100 % DWMR. At the end of the eight weeks, three birds from each dietary group were sacrificed to estimate the dressing yield and relative weight of organs (liver, heart and gizzard) while blood was collected for haematology and serum biochemistry analysis. Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA). Replacement of wheat offal with DWMR significantly (p<0.05) improved the thigh, back, heart and lungs characteristics whereas it did not significantly (p>0.05) influenced the live weight, slaughter weight, eviscerated weight and other primal cut parts. RBC and MCHC were significantly (p<0.05) affected. It can be concluded from this study that DWMR can be included in broiler chickens diet with no negative effect on the carcass characteristics and serum indicesItem Influence of wattle on udder measurements and milk yield of Red Sokoto (Maradi) does raised semi-intensively in Minna, Niger state, Nigeria.(Nigerian Journal of Animal Science, 2023) Kolo, P. S.; Alemede, I. C.; Egena, S. S. A.; Adama, J. Y.; Banjo, A. A.; Otu, B. O.; Abubakar, M. B.; Agboba, K.; Maidariya, H, A.; Maidariya, H, A.; Omolade, C.; Okike, C.; Idajili, G.; Yusuf, A.; Apata, A. MA study on the Influence of wattle in Red Sokoto (Maradi) goats on udder measurements, colostrum/milk quantity and quality was carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Department of Animal Production, Federal University of Technology, Minna. Thirty-six (36) Red Sokoto goats comprising of thirty-two (32) does and four (4) bucks, managed semi-intensively, were used for the study. Parameters observed included udder circumference, distance between teats, change in udder circumference, change in distance between teats, teat length after milking, milk quantity and quality analysis. After the experiment, it was observed that crosses between the wattle and the nonwattled had the highest (p<0.05) udder circumference before and after milking, quantity of milk and average daily milking. Wattled does crossed with non-wattled bucks in T3 and Wattled does crossed with wattled bucks in T4) produced the highest (p<0.05) peak yield. Wattled does mated with wattled bucks (T4) had the highest (p<0.05) total milk yield. Wattled does mated with wattled bucks (T4) had the (p<0.05) highest moisture content in colostrum sample which reduced the availability of other minerals. Non-wattled does mated with non-wattled bucks (T1) and wattled does mated with wattled bucks (T4) had the highest (p<0.05) moisture content in the milk sample which reduced the availability of most minerals in the milk. In conclusion, attention should be focused on the crosses between the wattled and the non-wattled Red Sokoto as it gave best result in most parameters examined. Deliberate effort must be made to preserve the wattle gene to prevent the goats carrying the gene from going into extinction.Item Influence of wattle on udder measurements and milk yield of Red Sokoto (Maradi) does raised semi-intensively in Minna, Niger state, Nigeria.(Nigerian Journal Animal Science, 2023) Kolo, P. S.; Alemede, I. C.; Egena, S. S. A.; Adama, J. Y.; Banjo, A. A.; Otu, B. O.; Abubakar, M. B.; Agboba, K.; Maidariya, H, A.; Omolade, C.; Okike, C.; Idajili, G.; Yusuf, A.; Apata, A. M.A study on the Influence of wattle in Red Sokoto (Maradi) goats on udder measurements, colostrum/milk quantity and quality was carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Department of Animal Production, Federal University of Technology, Minna. Thirty-six (36) Red Sokoto goats comprising of thirty-two (32) does and four (4) bucks, managed semi-intensively, were used for the study. Parameters observed included udder circumference, distance between teats, change in udder circumference, change in distance between teats, teat length after milking, milk quantity and quality analysis. After the experiment, it was observed that crosses between the wattle and the nonwattled had the highest (p<0.05) udder circumference before and after milking, quantity of milk and average daily milking. Wattled does crossed with non-wattled bucks in T3 and Wattled does crossed with wattled bucks in T4) produced the highest (p<0.05) peak yield. Wattled does mated with wattled bucks (T4) had the highest (p<0.05) total milk yield. Wattled does mated with wattled bucks (T4) had the (p<0.05) highest moisture content in colostrum sample which reduced the availability of other minerals. Non-wattled does mated with non-wattled bucks (T1) and wattled does mated with wattled bucks (T4) had the highest (p<0.05) moisture content in the milk sample which reduced the availability of most minerals in the milk. In conclusion, attention should be focused on the crosses between the wattled and the non-wattled Red Sokoto as it gave best result in most parameters examined. Deliberate effort must be made to preserve the wattle gene to prevent the goats carrying the gene from going into extinction.Item Effect of spice-treated sundried bovine rumen digesta on performance, carcass characteristics and nutrient digestibility of finisher broiler chickens(Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, 2023-04-12) Eniwaiye, A. A.; Otu, B. O.; Kolo, P. S.; Owolabi, S. J.; Balogun, M. A.; Ochiyan, M. A.The study was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding diets containing spice treated Sundried Bovine Rumen Digesta (SDBRD) on growth performance, carcass characteristics and nutrient digestibility of broiler chickens. A total of one hundred and fifty (150) day old broiler chickens were assigned to five (5) diets in triplicates containing ten (10) birds each in a completely randomized design. The diets were; T1, (control, 0% SDBRD), T2 (20% SDBRD without spice supplementation), T3 (20% SDBRD + 200 mg ginger), T4 (20% SDBRD + 200 mg garlic), and T5 (20% SDBRD + 200 mg thyme). Data were collected on growth performance, carcass characteristics and nutrient digestibility. The data were analysed using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and differences among mean were separated with the Duncan Multiple range. The results showed that broiler chickens fed diets containing spices-supplemented SDBRD had significantly (p<0.05) higher weight gain and better feed conversion ratio (FCR). The live weight and dressing percentage were significantly (p<0.05) higher among birds fed spice-supplemented diets compared to the control and the un-supplemented SDBRD diet. However, digestibility for dry matter and crude protein was higher (p<0.05) on T1 and T2 than on spicesupplemented diets. It was concluded that the combination of sundried bovine rumen digesta and spices such as garlic, ginger and thyme improve growth performance, carcass characteristics and nutrient digestibility, and can therefore be included in the ratio of broiler finisher at 20% level without any deleterious effect.Item Growth Performance and nutrient digestibility of broiler chickens fed diets containing varying inclusion levels of dried watermelon rind at the starter phase.(Nigerian Journal of Animal Production, 2021) Otu, B. O.; Banjo, A. A.; Kolo, P. S.; Balogun, A. M.; Dabban, A. I.Watermelon rind is one of the several unwanted by-products generated by restaurants, fruit juice producers and food industries in Nigeria that can be gotten rid of by using it as an energy source in broiler production. The growth performance and apparent nutrient digestibility of broilers fed diets containing varying inclusion levels of dried watermelon rind (DWMR) in replacement for wheat offal as source of energy and fibre at starter phase was evaluated. The dried watermelon rind was prepared by sun-drying fresh watermelon for three days and oven-dried at 50 ºC for 2 hours. The birds were randomly allocated to five (5) treatments (T – T ), each treatment had three replicates with ten (10) birds per replicate. The 1 5birds were fed varied levels of DWMR at 0 %, 25 %, 50 %, 75 % and 100 % in replacement of wheat offal to obtain five diets. Feed and water were provided ad-libitum throughout the 28 days study duration. Body weight, Body weight gain, Feed intake, Feed conversion ratio and apparent nutrient digestibility were measured. The results obtained on the growth performance shows no significant (P>0.05) difference of the growth parameters across treatments. However, there was significant (P<0.05) difference in the digestibility of Crude fibre, Ether extract, Ash, Nitrogen free extract and Total digestible nutrient across treatments. There was no obvious variation in dry matter and crude protein digestibility. The result of the total digestible nutrient was significantly (P<0.05) higher in T (92.90 %) than 2 the T (84.99 %) which was the control diet. The crude fibre digestibility recorded in T (63.48 1 2%) and T (61.09 %) is higher than T (43.00 %), the ether extract digestibility of T (96.42 %) 1 5 1is higher than the other groups with the lowest in T (95.25 %). There was depress ash 4 digestibility in T (68.30 %), lower than the other groups with the highest in T (82.59 %). The 5 1study therefore concluded that farmers can replace wheat offal with 25 % watermelon rind in broiler starter diet without any deleterious effect in the growth performance and nutrient digestibility.Item A study on haematology and serum biochemistry of wattle and non wattled red sokoto does and their offspring(Nigerian Journal of Animal Production., 2021) Kolo, P. S.; Otu, B. O.; Banjo, A. A.; Kolo, H. N.A study on haematology and serum biochemistry of wattled and non wattled Red Sokoto does and their offspring *Kolo, P. S., Otu, B., Banjo, A. A., and Kolo, H. N. Department of Animal Production, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. Corresponding author: kolo.philip@futminna.edu.ng; +2347035071871 Wattle is of utmost ornamental importance for courting potential mates and influencing thermoregulatory mechanisms which help the animal adapt to the environment. It also provides information on relationship between haematological and serum biochemical parameters. A study on haematology and serum biochemistry of wattled and non wattled Red Sokoto does and their offspring was carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Department of Animal Production, Federal University of Technology, Minna. Fifty (52) Red Sokoto goats comprising of thirty-two (32) does four (4) bucks and sixteen (16) weaned kids managed semi-intensively were used for the study Blood samples were collected using 5 ml syringe and 22-guage needle from the jugular vein. 5 ml of blood was collected from each goat used out of which 2.5 ml was dispensed into Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic Acid (EDTA) bottle while the remaining 2.5 ml was dispensed into plain (anticoagulant free) bottles and labelled properly according to the treatment group. Data collected were analyzed using SAS statistical package. It was observed: that wattle had significant effect (p<0.05) on Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin (MCH), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC), White Blood Cell (WBC), Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Chloride, Phosphorus, Cholesterol, Total Protein, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and Total Bilirubin of Red Sokoto Does but had no significant influence on the haematology and serum biochemistry of wean Red Sokoto kids. Does in T had the highest MCH values of 63.50 mmo/l while treatments T1 3 , T2 and T4 had values of 23.00 mmo/l, 33.00mmo/l and 34.00mmo/l respectively. Also Does in T2, T3 and T4 recorded higher calcium levels of 2.54mmo/l, 2.56mmol/l and 2.61mmo/l) respectively compared to values of 2.29mmo/l recorded in T1. These relevant influence of wattle therefore should suggest the deployment of deliberate effort to preserve the wattle gene to prevent the goats carrying the gene from going to extinction.