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Digitization of Library Resources: Challenges and Implication
(Nigerian Library Association (NLA), Kaduna State Chapter, 2011-03-23) Goshie, Rhoda Wusa; JImada, Aisha
This paper examines the concept of digitization, its implications, challenges and the digitization software. It also discusses the challenges often encountered during digitization and the implications. Digitization is a process in which materials are converted from hard copies to electronic copies. The major purpose of digitization is to enhance access and improve preservation of materials. A number of challenges are encountered in the process of digitizing library materials. These challenges include; finance, bandwidth and copyright, which have implications for the library. The implication is that library would now be able to provide access to materials that were indigenous to them. It was concluded that digitization is an essential task in modern day libraries, because of the current challenges, and the need to go digital, that is, improve the efficiency of information search mechanisms and enhance access to library resources
Privacy and National Security Issues in Social Networks: The Challenges
(International Journal of the Computer, the Internet and Management, Thailand, 2011-09-13) Shafi’i M. Abdulhamid; Sulaiman Ahmad; Victor O. Waziri; Fatima N. Jibril
Online social networks are becoming a major growth point of the internet, as individuals, companies and governments constantly desire to interact with one another, the ability of the internet to deliver this networking capabilities grows stronger. In this paper, we looked at the structure and components of the member profile and the challenges of privacy issues faced by individuals and governments that participate in social networking. We also looked at how it can be used to distort national security, how it became the new weapons of mass mobilization and also how social networks have became the rallying forces for revolutions and social justice.
Use of Library Resources by the Undergraduate Students in Nigerian Federal Universities
(Information Trends, Kaduna, 2014) Oyedum, G. U.; Abduldayan, F.J.; Chuks-Ibe, P.O.
Students' use of university library resources is essential in order to achieve their educational objectives in the universities. This paper, therefore, assessed the level of undergraduate students' use of library resources in Nigerian federal universities. The study also ascertained which of the library resources the undergraduate students use most in the university libraries. The survey research method was used for the study and the study population was 1,453 undergraduate students from across Arts, Education, Engineering, Law, Science, and Social Science faculties in the selected universities. The main instrument used for the data collection was a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage tabulation were used in analyzing the data. Results revealed that the level of students' use of library resources in Nigerian federal universities is low. The study also revealed that students frequently visit the federal university libraries in Nigeria in order to use resources to support their classwork activities. To increase the level of library use by undergraduate students in Nigerian federal universities, the majority of the respondents indicated the need for the provision of electronic resources/internet-connected computers and the creation of a more conducive atmosphere, among other recommendations, to attract students to effectively use the university libraries.
EVENT RECONSTRUCTION BY INVERSE METHODS
(2014) O. A. Olugboji; J. Y. Jiya
This work deals with an inversion technique that was developed to reconstruct a pulse after it has propagated along a pipe; a complex pulse that is progressively distorted as explained. The technique developed makes use of the theory of inverse problems
Problem of calculating time delay between pulse arrivals
(American Journal of Engineering Research (AJER), 2015) O. A. Olugboji; J. Y. Jiya; C. K. Ajani
This work compares the performance of four different methods of estimating the time delay between pulse arrivals at the sensors subjected to different levels of attenuation, distortion and noise. The accuracy of the calculated time between the pulse arrivals at the sensors is determined and analysed for each of the methods based on the ideal attenuation (no change in shape), ideal attenuation with added noise to the pulse signal and ideal attenuation but with distortion. Based on the analysis carried out, it is clear the cross correlation method gives the best estimate of the delay in pulse arrival times irrespective of the signal to noise ratio and so is the preferred technique used in the remainder of this research.
Design and Construction of a Spring Stiffness Testing Machine
(American Journal of Engineering Research (AJER), 2015) O. A. Olugboji; M. S. Abolarin; J. Y. Jiya; G. M. Alaya; C. K. Ajani
A spring stiffness testing machine was produced which differentiates a good spring from bad one using hydraulic principle and locally sourced materials were used to produce at relative low cost and high efficiency. It also categories each spring by stiffness into one of several distinct categories based on its performance under test. This is to ensure that in the final assembly process, springs with similar performance characteristics are mated to ensure a better ride, more précised handling and improved overall vehicle or equipment performance. The construction of the machine involves basically the fabrication process which includes such operation as cutting, benching, welding, grinding, drilling, machining, casting and screw fastening. Taken into consideration under test, were types of compression springs with varying spring loading and their different displacement recorded at different pressures to compare their stiffness.
PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF HYDROPOWER GENERATING PLANTS
(International Engineering Conference (IEC), 2015) J. Y. Jiya; A. Nasir; H. U. Ogboo; A. Salihu
This paper studies the performance of ahydropower scheme in Nigeria which contributes to an acute electricity supplyand has effects on the country’s development. This does not only restrict the socioeconomic activities to basic human needs, but also adversely affecting the quality of life too.The expected full load installed capacity for the hydropower scheme is 522.74MW but the generated capacity for the period under review is 305.147MW. Only about 40% of the installed capacity was available. Average Capacity factor for this hydropower scheme is 47%, min. of 25% in 2014 and max. of 83% in 2013 as against the industrial best practice of 50 – 80%.Total generation reduction due to downtime of the hydropower scheme is 28165773MWh amounting to 53% of the total installed capacity. Based on Power generation reduction of 53% the loss of revenue in naira was about 186 Billion naira.To improve the annual power generation, a complete overhauling of all the generators and adequate water management practice must be in place so that the available water can sustain generation throughout the year.
Multimedia Technology Application to InformationService Delivery in a University Library System: The Case of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria Library Complex
(School of Science and Technology Education, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State. Nigeria, 2015-11-04) Ikwe, John Adoga; William Gwari, Habiba; Goshie, Rhoda Wusa; Ayodele, Racheal
The study was carried out to investigate Multimedia Technology Application to Information Service Delivery in the Ahmadu Bello University Library Complex. Three research objectives were formulated with respect to the types of multimedia technology application application available and used and types of information services provided using multimedia technology available. A total of forty two (42) librarians from twelve (12) libraries that constituted the Ahmadu Bello University library complex were used as subjects of the study. The data collected were presented and analyzed using frequency distribution tables and percentages. The research discovered that there were different types of multimedia technologies applied for information services in the university library complex. These include text, audio, video, and animations along with their streaming mode of presentation either live or stored audio and video; and that the application of multimedia technologies available in the university library complex has significant effect on information service delivery. The findings indicated that among the libraries studied only Kashim Ibrahim applied live interactive audio and live interactive video for information service delivery. The research recommends that a periodic in- house training for all library staff on the application of multimedia technologies be the starting point for their deployment. It also recommends acquisition of up-to- date hardware and software that are necessary for effective application of multimedia technologies to information service delivery.
The Role of Academic Libraries in Enhancing Workflow in African Universities
(Proceedings of the International Conference on Information and Communication Technology and Its Applications, School of Information and Communication Technology, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria, 2016) Abduldayan, F.J.; Dang, T.L.; Karemani, A.; Obadia, S.B.
An academic library may be beautifully designed but with little impact on the research output of its users. This study identified these gaps with reference to African libraries. Researchers, irrespective of their areas of interest, have a common research workflow which defines the entire research process. Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) can be embedded at every level of the workflow, creating an enabling research environment to ease research processes and better output. Academic librarians, as part of their role in supporting teaching, learning, and research, are expected to introduce, advocate, and create awareness and offer support services on available relevant products and services that can be embedded at every level of the research workflow. This study identified new products and services and suggested how they should be embedded through the research process. The study concluded that embedding these new products and services in research workflow will improve the quality of researches emanating from Africa and ultimately improve our research visibility globally.
Development of Library System Automation Software: A Study of Federal University of Technology, Minna Library
(Lapai Journal of Management Science, Lapai, 2016) Oyedum, G.U; Abduldayan, F.J; Amos, V.
The paper examined the provision of automated software for Library services in Nigerian Universities, using Federal University of Technology, Minna Library as a case study. The system design methodology was used in the study. The general objective of this study is to explore the potentials of providing effective and efficient library services of record-keeping of books and users; and giving easy access to these records to users when needed, using a desktop Java application at the University Library. This software is used to register students and staff, new books that arrive the circulation unit, lend out books to users and-make returning of the books easy. With the software, the library staff can view user record, edit the record, and calculate fine of defaulters automatically. The software can also send e-mail to various users/members who default in returning borrowed Library books. The software also generates report for the Chief Administrator to view activities carried out in various units of the Library. This software was designed and developed with Java Programming Language. The software will enhance Library services and boost professional standing of the librarian as well. Based on this study, it is recommended that provision of digital library services in Federal University of Technology Minna as well as other tertiary institutions of learning should be implemented in line with current global digital trend.
Characterization and Management of Solid Waste Generated in Nasarawa LGA in Nasarawa State, Nigeria
(Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 2016-01-18) Nasir, .A.; Kasimu, .U.; Bori Ige; Mohammed, .A.
Solid wastes constitute a significant amount to environmental hazard in the society. The need to characterize solid wastes as an initial step to proffer solution to the problem of solid waste management cannot be over emphasized. In Nasarawa local government area (LGA) in Nasarawa state, the solid waste materials are characterized into six (6) different materials type which includes paper/cardboard, plastic food pack/plastic bottles, metal cans, food waste, polythene bags/polystyrene food pack and other combustible miscellaneous waste material. The waste characterization shows that Polythene bags/polystyrene food packs constitute the highest waste of 141.09 kg/day collected during the study period. This is followed by food waste with 130.37 kg/day. Plastic food pack/plastic bottles, metal cans, paper/cardboard and others has 64.64 kg/day, 59.39 kg/day, 53.51 kg/day and 29.15 kg/day respectively. The non-biodegradable wastes such as polythene bags/polystyrene food pack, plastic food pack/plastic bottles and metal cans constitute about 56 % (257 Kg/day) of the total waste collected during the study period. It is recommended that Nasarawa state waste management scheme should include the adoption of 3R’s methods scheme for reducing the biodegradable waste components and also employed for reducing the non-biodegradable waste components.
ENERGY UTILIZATION, CONSERVATION AND AUDITING IN NIGERIA CEMENT INDUSTRY
(Journal of Science, Technology, Mathematics and Education (JOSTMED), FUT Minna, 2016-03-15) Nasir, .A.; Bori Ige; Enitilo, .T.; Azeez, .O. S.; Muhammed, .A.
Manufacturing of cement is identified as one of the most energy intensive industries in the world. Therefore, there is a need for its effective and efficient utilization and hence conservation. In order to produce clinker, rotary kilns are widely used in cement plants. This study takes a look at the energy source, utilization and conservation in a Cement Company in Nigeria. The company’s energy source was determined, utilization pattern investigated and possible areas of energy conservation considered. The rotary kiln of this plant where the large form of energy is consumed has a capacity of 6000 tonnes per day. It was found that about 20% of the total input energy was being lost through hot flue gas (5.09%), cooler stack (12.4%) and kiln shell (2.61% convection and radiation). To recover some of this heat energy loses, a feasible energy management method was introduced and discussed. Findings showed that approximately 4MW of electrical power could be recovered through conservation and proper energy management.
A STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF DEGRADATION ON INDUSTRIAL GAS TURBINE PERFORMANCE
(Journal of Science, Technology, Mathematics and Education (JOSTMED), FUT Minna, 2016-03-15) Nasir, .A.; Usman, .S. A.; Mohammed, .A.; Muhammed, .S. N.; Bori Ige
Component degradation is a very common problem associated with operating industrial gas turbines. The major components so affected by this phenomenon are compressor, combustor and turbine blades. This paper studied the effect of degradation on gas turbine performance. The study involved the analyses of operating parameters effects for Siemens gas turbine engines model SGT5 – 2000E coded GT11 and GT21 in the power stations at Geregu power stations. The parameters considered were ambient temperature, exhaust temperature, combustion chamber pressure and turbine entry temperature, GT11 is degraded while GT21 is newly installed engine both in the same location at Geregu I and II power stations in Ajaokuta, Kogi State in the North central part of Nigeria.Simulations were carried out using Gas turb 11 simulation software, results of engine performance parameters were compared and it was revealed that due to component degradation, the turbine entry temperature (TET) increased to 1049.67oC, the fuel flow increased by 8.49% and power fell by 7.14%. Consequently, the cost of power loss is one hundred and eighty-seven million, one hundred and eleven thousand, seven hundred and fifty-three naira ninety-two kobo (₦187,111,753.92k) over a period of one year for the degraded gas turbine.
Analysis of Exhaust Gas Emissions from Gasoline engine-powered passenger vehicles in Nigeria
(International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT), 2016-04-22) Nasir, .A.; Bori Ige; Shiru, .B. S.; Mohammed, .A.
Emissions from vehicles in developing country constitute a large percentage of global emissions. The study involved the analysis of exhaust emissions using a gas analyser. The vehicles studied are mini buses and private vehicles of different model of carswhich constitute about 80% of the vehicles on Nigeria roads. It was established that the main types of exhaust gases from the automobiles were CO2, NO2, CO, and O2. The highest emission of CO2 was found to be 413.13 mg/m3 in the 2007 Peugeot car model. The highest exhaust gas emission of NOx, O2 and CO was discovered in the 1998 Honda passenger car model and recorded as 40.23 mg/m3, 45.41mg/m3 and 192.43 mg/m3respectively. The study of emissions will spur further studies on more efficient combustor design aimed at minimizing emissions.
Factors Affecting Project Planning Efforts in Akwa-Ibom State
(School of Environmental Technology International Conference 2016, Federal University of Technology Minna, Niger State, Nigeria., 2016-05-12) Olubajo, Oluseun Olukemi; Idoro, Godwin; Jimoh, Richard Ajayi
All construction projects are unique and the amount of effort invested into planning activities will depend on the nature or the character of that project; as no two construction projects are identical. This prompted an investigation to evaluate the factors affecting the efforts invested into project planning activities at the pre-contract stage in Akwa Ibom state. The aim of the study is to evaluate the factors affecting efforts invested in project planning amongst selected consultants. A field survey involving 92 project consultants was adopted to achieve this objective. Data was collected using structured questionnaires and analysed using mean and relative importance index. It was discovered that the demands of the client, the clients budget and the construction method to be adopted ranked highest amongst others as having more impact on the measure of efforts invested in planning and indirectly on the performance of the construction Projects. The study suggests that all stakeholders collaborate more frequently by building stronger partnerships and aligning all actors as an integrated supply chain.
Effects of Generating Plant Noise on Humans and Environment
(International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT), 2016-05-26) Babawuya, .A.; Bori Ige; Bako, .M. D.; Yusuf, .S. A.; Jibrin, .A.; Elkanah, .A. J.; Mohammed, .A.
Noise measurements were taken in the morning, afternoon, evening, and night to determine the extent of noise pollution all over the city. A calibrated sound level meter was used to measure the generating plant noise. The equivalent sound levels (Leq) were measured at 20 different locations, between 8 a.m and 10 p.m. High noise levels were observed throughout the town. The data obtained was analysed and the results then compared with world health organization standard. The noise equivalent level varied between 99.4 and 83.2 dBA. The results of the study established the fact that generator noise levels are more than the acceptable limit of 60 dBA, thatis the daytime government prescribed noise limit for residential and commercial areas. The reaction of the residents to generating plant noise was monitored with a total of 300 questionnaires. The results of the interview questionnaire revealed 97% of the people classified the noise in their street as very high while 3% says it is low. And also the respondents answered that noise bother them more in day and night while 11% of the respondents say it is only in the night only. The main outcomes of exposure to generating plant noise were loss of sleep, hearing loss, annoyance and disturbance.
Case Hardening of Mild Steel Using Animal Bone, Charcoal and Sea Shells as Carburizers
(Nigeria Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NJEAS), FUT Minna, 2016-08-24) Muriana, .R. A.; Bori Ige; Abubakre, .O. K.; Abu, .J. O.; Sani, .C. E.
Samples of Mild steel were treated in carburizing media which included animal bone, wood charcoal and sea shells at varied temperatures. Micro structural analyses, chemical composition tests, and mechanical properties tests were carried out on the carburized samples. Results indicated that the treated samples could be used in local production of some engineering components such as gears in place of imported components where hardness is considered together with toughness. The case hardening of the mild steel with charcoal granules gave the highest carburization of 0.905% on the surface with the highest hardness value of 69.3 HRA.
Assessment of Plagiarism in Undergraduate Projects in the Department of Library and Information Technology, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State
(Nigerian Libraries: Journal of the Nigerian Library Association (NLA), 2017) Abduldayan, F.J.; Obaje, A.M.; Oyedum, G.U.
The study examined students' plagiarism in undergraduate final year projects for the 2014/2015 academic session in the Department of Library and Information Technology, Federal University of Technology, Minna. Turnitin anti-plagiarism software was used in checking the similarity index and percentage of plagiarized content in the students’ projects. The acceptable benchmark for similarity index was 20% in line with the University policy. All the cases of plagiarism are treated as a case of examination misconduct by the University. The study utilized the analysis of Turnitin anti-plagiarism software as the method for determining the rate of plagiarism. The total population of 42 students for the 2014/2015 was considered, of which 31 (73.8%) successfully trained in their work and graduated with percentages ranging from 14% to 20% similarity indices. The study determined different tricks and methods adopted by students in manipulating the results of Turnitin in order to get the acceptable percentages. Findings revealed some of the challenges faced by students while using Turnitin for plagiarism check. These included students’ lack of paraphrasing skills, time constraints, and lack of continuous monitoring of students’ progress by faculty instructors. The study concluded that Turnitin has helped improve students’ work integrity among students and staff and has also ensured integrity in intellectual outputs emanating from the university. This has led to the increased research visibility and academic ranking of the Federal University of Technology, Minna on the Web. The study recommended that the University should encourage all students to start turning in their work early and not at the end of the project, as this would give them time to paraphrase their work before submission deadlines. The need for comprehensive training on how to paraphrase contents was also recommended.
Development of Sensitivity based Model for Flexural Failure of Singly Reinforced Concrete Slabs Based on BS 8110: 1997
(. Nigeria Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NJEAS), 2017-03-22) Tsado, T.Y.,; Sadiku, S.,; Iorkar, A.; Kolo, D. N.
This research presents mathematical models for checking the effect of variation in key designed parameters on the structural collapse of singly reinforced concrete solid slabs in buildings due to flexural failure based on British Standard (BS) 8110, 1997. The increasing complexity of construction process requires very high level of engineering and management skills to combat the structural collapses widely experienced globally. Most of the collapses were adjudged to be due to improper management arising from variations in structural key design parameters during construction, and this call for mathematical models to check the effect of variation in key design parameters on the structural collapse. The key design parameters considered in this research are; characteristic strength of reinforcement, grade of concrete, diameter and spacing of tension reinforcement, effective depth of tension reinforcement, applied moment. Sensitivity analysis was applied to study the effect of variation in the key parameters on the moment capacity. The results of sensitivity analysis were utilized in regression analysis to develop simplified equations for estimating the moment capacity of the slab. Computer programme was developed based on BS 8110, 1997 standard using Java to verify the model. Flexure safety factor was also checked based on BS 8110, 1997 requirements. Forty five numerical examples were taken to validate the model with the developed computer programme at 5% significance level using Chi-squared as an instrument for sensitivity-based model for flexural failure of singly reinforced concrete slab. The results show that the model is adequate at 5% significance level for checking flexural failure of singly reinforced concrete slab at construction stage based on BS 8110, 1997. It was recommended that the construction practitioners should consider the diverse effect of change in key deigned parameters during construction, otherwise the developed model should be strictly considered for quick safety check especially deflection safety of a solid slab during construction.
Enhancing the Cavitation Erosion Resistance of 304 Stainless Steel by Laser Surface Alloying with Molybdenum
(Nigeria Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NJEAS), FUT Minna, 2017-08-24) Bori Ige; Muriana, .R. A.; Man, .H. C.; Okegbile, .O. J.; Ayo, .S. A.; Babawuya, .A.
Type 304 stainless steel is the most versatile and widely used austenitic stainless steel, it accounts for more than 50% of all stainless steel produced. It is commonly used in liquidhandling equipment, house hold utensils and lot of applications in almost every industry. However, poor surface properties in terms of wear resistance, due to its low hardness made it susceptible to cavitation erosion, which is a usual mode of degradation of engineering parts in contact with fast-flowing or vibrating liquids. This work is an attempt to improve the cavitation erosion resistance of 304 stainless steel by laser surface alloying with Molybdenum (Mo). This was made possible by using a 2kW continuous wave Nd-YAG laser. The alloying powder was placed in advance on the surface of the substrate by pasting to a thickness of 0.1mm, followed by laser beam scanning at an optimal speed of 20 mm/s and 30 mm/s (each at a beam diameter of 3mm) and a laser power of 1.2kW, in order to achieve surface alloying and modified surfaces were obtained by 50% overlapping of adjacent tracks. The microstructure and composition of modified layer were also studied for more insights. Ultrasonic induced vibrator tester was used to carry out cavitation erosion test. Cavitation erosion resistance (Re) was observed to have increased with the Mo content in the alloyed layer, the Re of the specimens modified with Mo was improved by a factor of 1.4 (for v = 20 mm/s) and 1.5 (for v = 30 mm/s), when compared with that of the as-received 304 stainless steel substrates.