Civil Engineering
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Civil Engineering
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Item Development of Statistical Model For Predicting Flexible Pavement Deterioration Due To Traffic Loading(USEP: Journal of Research Information in Civil Engineering, 2024) Adamu, H. N.Flexible pavements are critical transportation components but are highly susceptible to deterioration caused by traffic loading, pavement conditions, and environmental factors. This study develops a predictive model to estimate pothole deterioration rates using traffic count and pavement structural strength. Data were collected from the Talba-Mandela road in Minna, Niger State Nigeria, over 14 weeks including weekly measurements of pothole volume, traffic counts and pavement structural numbers. A multiple linear regression model was calibrated, achieving a 𝑅² of 80.8%. Validation indicated less than 10% deviation between observed and predicted data. These findings provide a data-driven approach to optimizing pavement maintenance schedules, reducing costs, and improving road durability.Item Environmental Effects of Road Construction Waste(USEP: Journal of Research Information in Civil Engineering, 2023) S. S. Kolo; H. S. Abdulrahman; D. N. Kolo; M. Shehu; H.N AdamuThis research work investigates the various waste streams generated during road construction and their effect on environment. The method employed in this research work is categorized into waste type generated on construction site using reconnaissance surveys, data collection and data analysis methods. Four construction project sites in Minna, Nigeria, were used with the aim that these sites will provide a platform to acquire valuable data. It was discovered that mortar or concrete waste and wood waste has the highest percentage of 22% to 39% and asphalt has about 4 % waste and this was largest percentage of waste generated and this was mainly due to the human error, the use of inadequately trained and unskilled labour. The study however made case for adequate attention and concentration towards improving effective waste management by implementing proper waste management and disposal systems and encouraging the use of recycled materials in road construction. This will greatly reduce the cost of construction, increase efficiency, reduce work time and replenish the earths rapidly depleting natural resources used in construction like wood and bitumen.Item Performance Evaluation of Moringa oleifera as a Coagulant for Abattoir Wastewater Treatment(ADVANCES IN AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD RESEARCH JOURNAL, 2024-04-30) Asogwa E.O; Adesiji A.R; Musa H; Odekunle M.O; Adeyemo G.B; Tanimu Y; Mangey J.AThe public's health and surface water are adversely affected by the improper disposal of abattoir wastewater. In this study, 40 litres of abattoir effluent was treated for ten (10) weeks using raw, powdered Moringa oleifera seeds as a coagulant. Processed M. oleifera seeds in loading quantities of 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 and 20 g were used in a completely randomised design (CRD) for the treatment. There was also a control (abattoir effluent not treated with M. oleifera). Before and after treatment, the physical and chemical characteristics of abattoir wastewater were examined. The results demonstrated that the treatments significantly lowered the turbidity value, which fell from 15.40 mg/L to 7.63 mg/L for a 16 g dosage in week 7. For the 20 g treatment in the first week, total alkalinity decreased from 216.67 mg/L to the lowest value of 63.67 mg/L. An amount of 14 g of M. oleifera lowered both the total hardness from 116.33 mg/L to 78.40 mg/L and conductivity from 1395.7 mg/L to 520 mg/L within the first week of the experiment. From weeks 2 to 6, the biological oxygen demand (BOD) was discovered to be nil. For the 14 g treatment, the Calcium value decreased from 31.47 mg/L in the first week to 6.23 mg/L in the fifth week. The results generally demonstrated that 16 g/500 mL of M. oleifera was capable of treating abattoir effluent, confirming its capacity to coagulate for the treatment of such waste. The study's extract doses did not affect the colour or smell of the treated wastewater. The results have generally highlighted that the natural coagulants could be successfully used for the removal of turbidity, faecal bacteria and all unwanted concentrations of heavy metals including zinc from abattoir wastewater.Item EFFECT OF CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS ON GROUNDWATER QUALITY IN AN UNCONFINED AQUIFER(ARID ZONE JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING, TECHNOLOGY & ENVIRONMENT, 2023-01-14) Asogwa E.O; Adesiji A.R; Jimoh O.D; Adeoye P.A; Odofin A.J; Mangey J.A; Odekunle O.MThe use of fertilizer on soil to improve agricultural yield has been practiced for years. While fertilizers and manures greatly improve crop yield, it is also important to consider their corresponding and devastating effects. In this study, the fertilizers application rate was varied and their effects on groundwater quality with soil depths of 30 cm and 60 cm were observed. Two fabricated lysimeters were used to collect soil samples undisturbed and taken to the laboratory for analyses. The samples in the lysimeters were made saturated and varying quantities of fertilizers from 87.37 g, 100 g. and 120 g were applied. The saturation of the samples was done through an improvised rainfall simulator which was set up in such a way that a constant discharge was adopted. Water samples were collected at 30 cm and 60 cm depths and analyzed for fertilizer residues and physico-chemical characteristics such as temperature, pH, total chloride, total dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, free ammonia, total phosphate, urea, zinc and iron were also analysed. The results showed that the more the quantities of fertilizers applied on the soil, the more it affects the physico-chemical properties of the water and renders it toxic and unsuitable for drinking purposes except treated. The results, however revealed that the concentrations of the fertilizers in the groundwater decreases with soil depths. It is therefore recommended that any groundwater being explored for domestic use close to soil surface in areas prone to fertilizer pollution should be well treated before consumption, most especially for people using shallow wells.Item Management Of Hazards And Prevention Of Accidents And Injuries In Building Construction Using ‘Hierarchy Of Controls And Safety Education(International Journal of Progressive Sciences and Technologies (IJPSAT), 2022-06-30) Asogwa E.O; Asogwa E.U; Blavo JStudies have shown that rates of accidents and injuries in building construction industry are generally high due to the fact that virtually all building construction sites are faced with unsafe conditions, especially in developing countries, exposing construction workers and users of such constructed structures to a wide range of hazards and dangers. Lack of adequacy of safety practices in building construction is evident in the numbers of building collapses and fatalities, injuries and damages reported in building construction industry in developing countries. However, most building construction accidents and injuries can be prevented, reduced or eliminated with an effective hazard control system in place, and the right safety education and practices among all stakeholders in building construction. This paper, therefore, discusses using the hierarchy of controls and safety education to control hazards and prevent accidents and injuries in building construction.Item ANALYSIS OF ADSORPTION PERFORMANCE OF LATERITIC SOIL GEO-POLYMER COMPOSITE DEVELOPED AS A BARRIER IN A SANITARY LANDFILL(Nigerian Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Research, 2024-07-29) Asogwa E.O; Adie D.B; Ibrahim F.B; Amadi A.A; Mangey J.A; Sabo BItem ASSESSMENT OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF LEACHATE CONTAMINATED LATERITIC SOIL(Nigerian Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Research, 2023-04-29) Asogwa E.O; Sabo B; Agbonselobho M.O; Agbese E.O; Haruna S.I; Mangey J.AThis research studied the physico-chemical characteristics of leachate contaminated soil. Leachate is known as an important source of environmental pollution, more especially groundwater, pollution due to the presence of organic and inorganic substances, including heavy metals. Leachate is a major problem for municipal solid waste landfills and causes significant threat to surface water and groundwater. Leachate is generated by excess rainwater passing through the waste body. The pollutants from the waste material are transferred to the percolating water by the combination of physical, chemical and microbial processes. Leachate is characterized as water-based solution of four groups of pollutants; dissolved organic matter, heavy metals, inorganic macro components, and xenobiotic organic compounds. The physio and bio-chemical analysis: BOD, COD, pH, EC, total hardness, nitrite, chloride, calcium and heavy metals such as Pb, Fe, Zn, and Cu were determined. From the results obtained, pH increases with increase in percentage contamination, from pH of 5 at 0% contamination to 5.62 at 100% contamination and cation exchange capacity also increased from an initial value of 187.613mg/lat 0% to 200.575mg/l at 100% contamination. These results show that the dumpsite has slight effects on the adjacent stream and underlying soil. Therefore, the implementation of a properly designed leachate collection system to prevent future risk of continuous contamination of the underlying soil and groundwater is important.Item Evaluating Haul Container System of Solid Waste Collection in Enugu Municipal(Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE), 2022-02-28) Asogwa E.O; Saidu M; Adesiji A.R; Asogwa E.U; Mangey J.A; Muhammad S.JOver the years, studies have shown that rapid population growth and the growth of urban centers result in the substantial increase in the amount of wastes generated hence the demand for a sustainable collection system.This research aims at evaluating haul container system of waste collection in Enugu Municipal which comprises 10 zones with the view of determining the zone with higher efficiency and better cost. The data for the research was obtained through the ten zone collection crews, questionnaires (through random sampling) and oral interview. The result indicates that there is problem of unregulated waste dumping, as a result of ineffective waste collection and inadequate number of waste bins in the said zones. The weekly operational cost of the haul system in the zones as obtained from the analysis carried out are N72,000, N71, 000, N66, 000, 62,000, N60, 000, N59,000 and N58, 000 for Emene, ( New Haven and Agbani Road), ( Independent layout and Coal Camp), GRA, (Trans-Ekulu and Ogui) Achara-Layou t andAbakpa respectively and the efficiency of the collection crew in the zones are also 88% , 83%, 78%, 73% and 68% for Abakpa, Achara- Layout , (Trans-Ekulu, GRA and Ogui Road), ( Independent layout and Coal Camp) and ( Agbani Road, New Haven and Emene) respectively. Therefore the haul container system of waste collection can be improved by provision of the required basic infrastructural amenities by Government through the waste management agency (ESWAMA).Item Hygrothermal Effects of Partial Replacement of Coarse Aggregates with Palm Kernel Shell in Concrete Production(Nigeria Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2017-08-12) Abdullahi A.; Abubakar M.; Aminulai H. O; YUSUF, Abdulazeez; Alhaji B.Hygrothermal effects of partial replacement of coarse aggregates with Palm Kernel Shell (PKS) in concrete production were assessed. Preliminary tests were conducted on PKS to determine its suitability for use as aggregate in concrete production. Workability and Density of the fresh concrete were also determined. Cylinders of 100mm diameter by 50mm height were used to cast the concrete; these were cured for 28 days and tested for water absorption and sorptivity at different replacement levels of coarse aggregates with PKS. The sorptivity of concrete was found to increase with increase in PKS content, however, between 5-25% PKS content, lower sorptivity values than control were recorded. Water absorption of concrete also increased with increase in PKS content, PKS contents from 5-20% gave water absorptions below the control and at 25% replacement, a slightly higher value as compared to the control was recorded. From the results obtained, concrete with 5% PKS content was found to possess the best water absorption as well as sorptivity values. Such concrete adequately fits for use in areas where concrete water absorption and sorptivity are required to be kept at a very minimal level; such as in the construction of drainages and dams.Item Flexural Strength of Revibrated Concrete Using Iron Ore Tailings (IOT) as Partial Replacement for River Sand(Journal of Research Information in Civil Engineering,, 2020-10-10) YUSUF, Abdulazeez; A. I. EmmanuelRiver sand is one of the major concrete constituents. Sand mining from rivers results in several environmental problems which leads to destruction of river banks among others. The use of IOT as a substitute for river sand is capable of addressing this problem. The effect of partial replacement of river sand with IOT on the flexural strength of revibrated concrete was studied in this paper. Sieve analysis, bulk density specific gravity and water absorption tests were conducted on the IOT, river sand and crushed granite to ascertain their suitability for use in concrete. A mix ratio of 1:2.1:2.7 and water-cement ratio of 0.5 was used to prepare concrete mixes with 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, and 100% IOT as sand replacement. A total of 63 prisms of size 100 x 100 x 500 mm were cast and revibrated 30s for 3 minutes within 1 hour to provide samples to be tested for flexural strength at 7, 14 and 28 days curing age. Results revealed that the workability of concrete decreased with increase in percentage of IOT. Highest flexural strength was noted with concrete containing 100% IOT at all curing ages. Flexural strength model was proposed as a function of % IOT at 28 days curing age. It was recommended that IOT can be used as either partial or total replacement for river sand in concrete.