Physics

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Variations of Surface Radio Refractivity and Radio Refractive Index Gradients in the sub-Sahel
(The Nigerian Journal of Space Research, 2009) K. C. Igwe and I. A. Adimula
Monthly variations of radio refractive index near the ground surface have been computed for a period of five years from 2000 to 2004 over Ilorin (8o 32”N, 4o 34”E). The data used was obtained from the University of Ilorin atmospheric observatory operating under the radiometric network of the Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN). Also, seasonal variations of radio refractivity with height of up to 10 km atmospheric layer above ground over Minna (9o 37’’N, 6o 30’’E) have been evaluated. The data used here are those obtained from daily radiosonde ascents made at 1200hrs local time for a period of five years from 1979 to 1983. The refractivity-altitude variation over Minna have been plotted with those of four other low latitude stations and an equation of the form N = NS exp (-0.11h) has also been deduced to predict values of refractivity, N for these stations up to a height, h of about 2 km above ground, for a given surface refractivity, NS. The values of refractive index gradients computed showed that the atmosphere over Minna was subrefractive during the dry season and superrefractive during the wet season periods of the years.
Survey of Gross Alpha and Gross Beta Radioactivity in Sachet water Hawked in Minna, Niger State.
(2009) Kolo, M. T.,; Baba-kutugi; OLARINOYE, OYELEKE; Sharifat, I.
ESTIMATION OF PATIENTS’ ORGAN DOSES AND CONCEPTUS DOSES FROM SELECTED X-RAY EXAMINATIONS IN TWO NIGERIA X-RAY CENTRES
(OXFORD, 2009-01-06) OLARINOYE, OYELEKE; OGUNDARE F,O,
Nigeria X-ray centres, Niger State General Hospital (NGH) and Two-Tees (TTX), are reported. Air kerma was measured, and entrance surface dose (ESD) and half-value layer estimated for each set of tube potential (kVp), focus to skin distance and current–time product (mAs) used for each of the patients included in this study. Results show that the mean air kerma in the two centres are similar for the three projections considered in this study. Organ doses ranged from <0.01 to 2.18 mGy in NGH and from <0.01 to 1.29 mGy in TTX for examinations of the abdomen, from <0.01 to 0.20 mGy in NGH and from <0.01 to 0.13 mGy in TTX for examinations of the skull and from <0.01 to 3.90 mGy in NGH and from <0.01 to 1.96 mGy in TTX for examinations of the chest. Generally, no significant difference is seen between the organ doses of male and female patients. In NGH, organ doses are generally greater than those from TTX for the three examinations. The mean ESDs for examinations of the chest postero-anterior, abdomen antero-posterior (AP) and skull AP are, respectively, 5.37, 6.28 and 4.24 mGy in NGH, and 5.82, 5.33 and 4.76 mGy in TTX. The ESDs reported in this study, except for examinations of the chest, are generally lower than comparable values published in the literature. Conceptus doses were also estimated for female patients using normalised published conceptus dose data for abdomen examinations. The estimated conceptus doses were >1 mGyeven when the conceptus was located 12 cm below the surface of the abdomen.
PATIENT ENTRANCE SKIN DOSES AT MINNA AND IBADAN FOR COMMON DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGICAL EXAMINATIONS
(BAYERO UNIVERSITY, 2009-06-14) SHARIFAT I; OLARINOYE, OYELEKE
Entrance surface dose from two diagnostic x-ray centers in Nigeria for three common radiological examinations is presented in this study. Entrance surface doses for 294 patients drawn from Niger state hospital Minna and Two-Tees x-ray centre, Ibadan are included in this dose survey. The air kerma for each patient was measured using thermoluminescent dosimeter chips (TLD-100). The air kerma for each patient was then multiplied by a back scatter factor of 1.35 to obtain the Entrance surface dose. Generally doses obtained in this study were found to be higher than those in published works and International Atomic Energy Agency recommended limits for chest examination. The range factor at Niger State General Hospital was as high as 12 in some cases but as low as 1 in most cases at Two-Tees X-ray center. The doses obtained for skull and abdomen examination were found to be within acceptable International Atomic Energy Agency recommended limit.
A protocol for setting dose reference level for medical radiography in Nigeria: A Review
(BAYERO UNIVERSITY, KANO, NIGERIA, 2010-02-10) OLARINOYE, OYELEKE; SHARIFAT I
Patients’ dose audit reports in some Nigerian hospitals had shown large inter- and intra-hospital variations for the same radiological examinations. They have thus presented the need, to have a national standard for radiological diagnostic procedures and set dose limits for individual x-ray examination centers in Nigeria. These will go a long way in reducing inter- and intra-hospital dose range factors, thus reducing doses to as low as reasonably achievable and consistent with clinical objectives of the examinations. In establishing a national dose limit for medical radiological examinations, there is a need to have a national dose survey. This paper suggests a Reasonable and easy procedure for achieving a national radiological dose survey. Due to its simplicity of measurement, the use of entrance surface dose as the dose parameter to be used for setting the dose limit as recommended by the European Union and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is also suggested. ESD can be measured directly through the use of solid state detectors, or indirectly by measuring free air exposure which can later be converted to ESD using standard formula. The methods of measuring the entrance surface dose and how to derive the dose limit from them are also highlighted.
ATTAINMENT OF THE 7-POINT AGENDA IN NIGERIA THROUGH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(The Nigerian Journal of Research and Production, 2010-04) Eze, C. N.
The 7-point agenda of the Nigerian President, Musa Umaru Yar’adua is a suitable road map to the quick modernization and industrialization of Nigeria. The agenda touches on the most important aspects of the needs of the people of this country. For instance, adequate supply of power and energy, the effective modernization of education at all levels from primary to tertiary, the beefing up of the system of transportation throughout the country, the departure from the dependence on crude oil to new areas of employment and wealth creation such as in agriculture and solid minerals and the assurance of security especially in Niger Delta zone of the country – all these will give this country a new lease of life never experienced before. This paper, therefore, contains analysis of the bone of contention of the -point agenda as enumerated by the president himself. Namely, power and energy, food security, wealth creation, transportation, land reform, education and security as epitomized in the Niger Delta situation. The purpose of this paper is to critically examine the issues involved in achieving the agenda, or otherwise, show the strengths and weaknesses of the various proposals, in relationship with the existing science and technology in this country at the moment, and finally draw conclusion and make recommendations. The science and technology available in this country has already produced very formidable manpower that can handle Nigeria’s current state of development. If, however, there are certain rare areas where suitable technology is not available, the country is rich enough to pay for technology transfer from outside. The re-branding of Nigeria now in progress, though not part of the 7-point agenda, has created excellent opportunities for smoothening the rough edges of the agenda and, hopefully, will act as icing sugar and finishing touches to it. Keywords: Science and technology, the 7-point agenda, development, Nigerian government and the masses.
Improving the stoichiometry of RF-sputtered amorphous aluminathin films by thermal annealing
(2015) OLARINOYE, OYELEKE; F.O. OGUNDARE
High quality alumina thin films weredeposited on glass substrate by reactive radio-frequency sputtering. The de position process and rate were controlled by radio-frequency power and reactive gas (oxygen) flow rate. The re lationships between O/Al ratio contents and the structural, electrical resistivity and optical parameters of the films were investigated. The O/Al of the films varied with change in oxygen flow ratio, power density and post deposition annealing. The structure and phase of the filmswere unaltered as the deposition parameters and post depositionannealing up to 573 Kwerevaried. O/Al of 1.5 was obtained at oxygen flow ratio of 11%, radio-frequency power of 250 W and post deposition annealing of 573 K. The sheet resistance of the films were all very high but the same within experimental uncertainties. The optical parameters (transmittance, refractive index and extinction coefficient) of the films varied considerably and dependedonthe films’ stoichiometry
Determination of the Radiological Risk Associated with Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM) at Selected Quarry Sites in Abuja FCT, Nigeria: Using Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy
(2015) H. O. Shittu1,; OLARINOYE, OYELEKE; A. N. Baba-Kutigi; S. F. Olukotun
The concentrations of natural radionuclides (238U, 232Th and 40K) in the granite rocks of major quarry sites in Federal Capital Territory, (FCT), Abuja was determined by gamma ray spectroscopy using a well calibrated NaI (Tl) detector system. The range of activity concentrations of (238U, 232Th and 40K) were found to be (37.41 ± 5.41 to 110.16 ± 7.50, 64.13 ± 15.99 to 349.11 ± 69.44 and 323.99 ± 3.73 to 2727.95 ± 14.69) Bq.kg-1 respectively. The total average of 238U, 232Th and 40K were found to be 74.74 ± 5.67. 199.23 ± 43.30 and 1021.27 ± 7.14 Bq.kg-1 respectively, which are high when compared with worldwide average of 33, 45 and 412. The high value is attributed to geology of the areas where the granites is mined and varies from different quarry sites. The radium equivalent activity concentration was found in the range from 331.50 to 529.91 Bqkg-1, the absorbed dose rate was found to be in the range from 148.72 ± 30.69 to 243.78 ± 30.49 nGyh-1 with an average value of 197.45±29.06 nGyh-1, and the outdoor annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE) was found to vary from 0.13 to 0.38 mSvy-1, which is below the safety limit of 1 mSv.y-1 as recommended by International Commission on Radiological Protection [19]. Also, the internal and external hazard indices were found to be more than unity, suggesting that workers and people living in such site could be exposed to radiological hazard.
Trend Analysis of Temperature in Gombe State Using Mann Kendall Trend Test
(Journal of Scientific Research & Reports, 2018-10-11) YUSUF Abubakar Sadiq; U. U. Alhaji; C. O. Edet; Celestine O. Oche; E. P. Agbo
This paper presents the trend analysis of temperature in Gombe State using Mann-Kendall trend test. The annual average of Maximum and Minimum Temperature data was obtained from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET), Gombe State. In order to determine the nature of the trend and significance level, Mann-Kendall trend test and Sen’s estimate were employed. From this study, it was found out that Maximum and Average temperature exhibit positive Kendall’s Z value which indicates an upward trend and also imply increasing trend over time. The Test statistic ( ) for maximum and average temperatures are 4.38 and 4.43 respectively. This indicates that there is a significant increase in the trend at 5% level of significance since (p-values (0.0001) <0.05). However, the Z value for minimum temperature (1.59) shows a positive trend but not significant at 5% significant level since the p-value is greater than the significant level (p-value (0.107)>0.05). It can be inferred from both Mann- Kendall and Sen’s Slope that there is the tendency of increment in temperature. This could be due to the impact of climate change and can lead to weather extremes in the study area. It is therefore recommended that the variability of temperature should be monitored in order to minimize its effects on human activities.
Artisanal Gold Mining Activity in Northcentral Nigeria and Its Implications: Radiological Approach
(2020) GOMINA M; Kolo, M. T.,; OB AWOJOYOGBE; OLARINOYE, OYELEKE
High Terrestrial Radiation Level in an Active Tin-Mine at Jos South, Nigeria
(2020) ATIPO M; OLARINOYE, OYELEKE; OB AWOJOYOGBE; Kolo, M. T.,
Mineral mining and milling can be a source of national economic and technological development. However, mining of minerals has been confirmed to disturb the natural distribution of radioisotopes in the soil, air and water bodies in the biota. In an attempt to evaluate the radiological burden resulting from tin mining activities at Rayfield-Du area of Jos, the background gamma-radiation level in the mine was measured via a well calibrated hand-held dosimeter placed at 1 m above ground level. The mean absorbed dose rate, annual effective dose rate and excess lifetime cancer risk for the mine was 0.83 µSvh-1; 1.44 mSv-1 and 0.005 respectively. Generally, dose rates were higher in the mine pits and processing areas as compared to administrative areas of the mine. The mean measured dose rate and calculated dose parameters for the mine were all high when compared to the regulatory limit for public exposure. The potential of developing radiation-induced health defects as a result of high radiation absorbed dose rate by the miners and dwellers around the mine is highly probable.
Annual Effective Dose Estimation due to Gross Alpha and Beta Activities in Nigerian Bottled Drinking Water
(2020) Kolo, M. T.,; OLARINOYE, OYELEKE; SANUSI E; AJAYI M; KADIR A; UMAR S.I; AYEDUN F
Background: Extremely humid, hot and dry climatic conditions of Nigeria has led to an increasing demand for clear and clean portable water supply across the nation. Additionally, the dehydrating traffic situations commonly witnessed in virtually all the major cities in Nigeria has made consumption of bottled water indispensable component of modern life in Nigeria. It is therefore important that the radiological burden incurred by the Nigerian population from ingestion of bottled water be investigated. Materials and Method: Twenty one brands of commercial bottled water regularly consumed in Nigeria were obtained from standard supermarkets and investigated for their gross alpha and gross beta radioactivity. This analysis, as a recommended first step in radio analytical screening, was performed using a gas-free, low background dual phosphor proportional counter. Results: Results of the analysis showed that mean values for gross alpha and gross beta activity concentrations in all the investigated bottled water samples were 15.22±0.93 mBq l-1 and 39.69±1.83 mBq l-1 respectively. These values were below safety limits recommended by the World Health organization. Computed average annual effective dose equivalent for adults, children and infants (lactating age) in Nigeria due to consumption of commercial bottled water were lower than the recommended safeguard of 0.1 mSv for drinking water. Conclusion: The results does not suggest any radiological threat to the health of consumers. However, intermittent monitoring of commercially consumed bottled water is recommended for water quality compliance from radiation safety perspective.
Estimation of the Calorific Value and Electrical Energy Potential of Waste Generated Biomass Within Abakaliki Meteropolis Ebonyi State, Nigeria
(American Journal of Nano Research and Applications, 2020) Igbo, M. E; Chikeleze, P. C; Onyia, A.I; Igbo, N. E; Eze, C. N.; Chima, A.I
Abstract: This study was conducted to determine the electrical energy potential of municipal solid waste (MSW) generated biomass within Abakaliki metropolis, Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The MSW samples were collected at two different points from each of the waste management zones, with each zone covering at least twelve (12) streets. It was then sorted into three major categories according to their constituents viz; metals, plastics and biomass. In this study, the biomass component of the MSW sample was is our focus. Thus, the biomass sample was sun dried and then ground into powdered form. It was thoroughly mixed, shredded, sieved and subsequently analysed at the Lorcin Technologies Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Currently, an average of 360 tons of MSW is generated within Abakaliki metropolis on daily bases. This translates to an electrical energy potential of approximately 320MW. The MSW-generated biomass analysis estimates the Gross Calorific Value (GCV) or Higher Heating Values (HHV) to be 11.644MJ/kg. This value which practically determines the electrical energy of the waste sample is highly suitable for many thermal conversion processe. This translate to the fact 0.925kg of biomass will generate electrical power of 1KWh. Hence, one unit of electricity=10765KJ/Kg/GVC (KJ/Kg).
Bound state solutions of the generalized shifted Hulthén potential
(Indian Journal of Physics Publishing model Hybrid, 2020-01-09) YUSUF Abubakar Sadiq; C. O. Edet; P. O. Okoi; P. O. Ushie; P. O. Amadi
In this study, we obtain an approximate solution of the Schrödinger equation in arbitrary dimensions for the generalized shifted Hulthén potential model within the framework of the Nikiforov–Uvarov method. The bound state energy eigenvalues were computed, and the corresponding eigenfunction was also obtained. It is found that the numerical eigenvalues were in good agreement for all three approximations scheme used. Special cases were considered when the potential parameters were altered, resulting in Hulthén potential and Woods–Saxon Potential, respectively. Their energy eigenvalues expressions agreed with the already existing literature. A straightforward extension to the s-wave case for Hulthén potential and Woods–Saxon potential cases is also presented.
Effect of Sb2O3 addition on radiation attenuation properties of tellurite glasses containing V2O5 and Nb2O5
(2021) Al-Buriahi, M. S.; Hegazy, H. H.; Alresheedi, F.; Somaily, H. H.; Sriwunkum, C.;; OLARINOYE, OYELEKE
In the present work, we have studied the effect of Sb2O3 addition on gamma, neutron, and charged particles attenuation properties of tellurite glasses in the chemical structure of 84TeO2 + xSb2O3 + 1V2O5 + (15-x)Nb2O5, where x is between 0 and 15 mol% with step of 5. Monte Carlo simulations (by using FLUKA code) were employed to investigate the gamma attenuation parameters for photon energies of 0.6, 1.25, 1.5, 2, 3, 5, and 10 meV. For every photon energy, the results of FLUKA simulations were theoretically approved using the XCOM approach. The obtained results show that the Sb2O3 addition increased the mass attenuation coefficient (µ/ρ) ranges from 0.03318 to 0.08003, 0.03334–0.08021, 0.03349–0.08038, and 0.03363–0.08054 cm2 g−1 for TSVN1, TSVN2, TSVN3, and TSVN4, respectively. For the studied glasses, the maximum (minimum) effective atomic number (Zeff) was obtained at 10 meV (1.25 meV) with corresponding values of 28.85 (21.58), 29.80 (22.27), 30.77 (23.00), and 31.78 (23.77). The exposure rate (ER) follows the trend: (ER)TSVN4 > (ER)TSVN3 > (ER )TSVN2 > (ER)TSVN1. Different effects of Sb2O3 addition were observed on the shielding properties for the thermal and fast neutrons. Finally, the influences of Sb2O3 addition on the attenuation features of the studied glasses were discussed in detail for charged particles such as protons, alpha particles, and electrons. It is concluded that the investigated glass specimens can be utilized for various nuclear applications as non-toxic shields against the radiation of gamma, neutron, and charged particles.
The impact of PbF2 on the ionizing radiation shielding competence and mechanical properties of TeO2 – PbF2 glasses and glass-ceramics.
(2021) Rammah, Y. S.;; OLARINOYE, OYELEKE; El-Agawany, F. I., & El-Adawy, A
The influence of adding PbF2 on the elastic properties and radiation shielding competences of nine different samples labelled as TPb10-TPb90 with the form of (100-X)TeO 2-XPbF2 : (where X = 10–90 in steps of 10 mol%) glasses and glass-ceramics was investigated via the bond compression model and WinXcom software. The average cross-link density ( n c ) increased from 2.2 to 3.8 and the average atomic ring size (l) decreases from 0.390 to 0.356 nm with the increase of Pb ions content in the TPb10-TPb90 samples. The K to 111.09 GPa and Young’s modulus (E BC BC increased from 84.47 GPa ) increased from 136.89 GPa to 199.60 GPa for TPb10 to TPb90 samples. Poisson’s ratio ( σ BC ) decreased from 0.229 to 0.200, while the hardness (H) increased from 10.02 GPa to 16.59 GPa. The MAC of the glasses follows the order throughout the energy spectrum: TPb10 < TPb20 < TPb30 < TPb40 < TPb50 < TPb60 < TPb70 < TPb80
Photon and neutron absorbing capacity of titanate - reinforced borate glasses: B2O3 – Li2O – Al2O3 – TiO2.
(ELSEVIER, 2021) Rammah, Y. S.,; OLARINOYE, OYELEKE; El-Agawany, F. I., Akkurt, I., & Yousef
The photon and neutron absorbing capacity of titanate-doped borate glasses: 65B2O3–30Li2O–5Al2O3–xTiO2: x = 0–30 mol% coded as G1–G7 were investi gated via WinXCOMandEXABCalcomputercodes. Mass(lm)andlinear (LAC) attenuation coefficients, mean-free path (MFP), half-value thickness (HVT), buildup factors (EABUF and EBUF), and the relative fast neutron absorbing efficacy were investigated. The maximum value of lm at 15 keV was 1.68, 2.976, 4.119, 5.134, 6.042, 6.856, and 7.593 cm2/g for G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, and G7, respectively. For energies below 0.1 MeV and above 10 meV, lm values vary according to the order (G1)lm\(G2)lm\(G3)lm\(G4)lm\(G5)lm\(G6)lm\(G7)lm. Values of LAC followed the order: (G7)LAC[(G6)LAC[(G5)LAC [(G4)LAC[(G3)LAC[(G2)LAC[(G1)LAC. The trend of the MFP increases among the glasses follows a reverse order as that of LAC: (G1)MFP[(G2)MFP [(G3)MFP[(G4)MFP[(G5)MFP[(G6)MFP[(G7)MFP. The HVT of the glasses follow the order: (G1)HVT[(G2)HVT[(G3)HVT[(G4)HVT[(G5)HVT[(G6)HVT[(G7)HVT. EABUF and EBUF increase in the order (G1)(EABUF, EBUF)[(G2)(EABUF, EBUF)[(G3)(EABUF, EBUF)[(G4)(EABUF, EBUF)[(G5)(EABUF, EBUF)[(G6)(EABUF, EBUF)[(G7)(EABUF, EBUF). The investigated glasses (G1–G7) are better fast neutron absorbers compared to ordinary concrete and water. Results revealed that higher titanate doping concentrations produced better photon and fast neutron shielding capacities. Therefore, the investigated glasses showed superior shielding efficacy when compared with some traditional shielding materials; consequently, the G1–G7 glasses are recommended for use as ionizing radiation shields.
Effect of Ag2O/V2O5substitution ontheradiation shielding ability of tellurite glass system via XCOM approachand and FLUKAsimulationS
(SPRINGER, 2021) OLARINOYE, OYELEKE; Alomairy, S., Sriwunkum, C., & Al-Buriahi, M. S.
ThisstudyfocusesontheeffectofAg2O/V2O5substitutionontheradiationshieldingabilityoftellurite glass systemwiththechemicalcompositionofxAg2O+40TeO2+(60−x)V2O5with0<x< 50mol%.FLUKAcodewassuccessfullyemployedforsimulationtheradiationinteractionparameters of theglass systems.Theresultsofthesimulationswerecomparablewiththepredicationsoftheory. Thereafter, several empirical equationswereusedtostudytheshieldingabilityoftheglasssystemsagainst neutronsandchargedparticles.Theresultsindicatethatlinearattenuationcoefficientchangeswithenergy andreachesmaximumat0.6MeV(minimumat10MeV)withthevaluesof0.2806(0.109),0.3181(0.121), 0.3771(0.1498),0.409(0.168),0.4588(0.1911),and0.5162(0.2180)forx=0,10,20,30,40,and50mol%, respectively. Beyond5MeV,thegammarayconstantwasfoundintheorderof G = x 50 ( ) > G = x 40 ( ) > G = x 30 ( ) > G = x 20 ( ) > G = x 10 ( ) > G = . x 0 ( ) Forallthechargedparticles,theprojectilerangewasnotedin the orderof(R)x=0>(R)x=10>(R)x=20>(R)x=30>(R)x=40>(R)x=50.Finally,weprovidean extensive comparativestudybetweenAVT-glasssystemsandstandardtraditionalmaterials.Theobtained resultssuggestthesampleofx=50mol%asthebestphoton,fastneutronandchargedparticleshield amongstthepresentglasssystems.Hence,AVT6couldbeusedinradiationsafetyapplicationsasashield
Investigation of mechanical properties, photons, neutrons, and charged particles shielding characteristics of Bi2O3/B2O3/SiO2 glasses.
(SPRINGER, 2021) OLARINOYE, OYELEKE; El-Agawany, F. I., Gamal, A., & Rammah, Y. S
Mechanical properties, uncharged and charged particles shielding capacity of 60Bi2O3-(40-x) B2O3-xSiO2: x = 0 (S1), 10 (S2), 20 (S3), 30 (S4), and 40 (S5) mol% glasses have been investigated. The enhancement in Young’s, shear, and longitudinal elastic moduli and Poisson’s ratio of the denser Bi content of the S-glasses was confirmed via bond compression (B–C) and Makishima–Mackenzie (M–M) models. The trend order of the mass attenuation coefficient (MAC) is consistent with that of the mass density as (S1)MAC < (S2)MAC < (S3)MAC < (S4)MAC < (S5)MAC. The highest value of the linear attenuation coefficients (LAC) for each of the S-glasses was obtained at photon energy of 15 keV with values of 601, 624, 640, 648, and 661 cm−1 for S1–S5, respectively. The increasing trend of the mean free path (MFP) is opposite to that of MAC and LAC with the order: (S1)MFP > (S2)MFP > (S3)MFP > (S4)MFP > (S5)MFP. The maximum tenth value thickness (TVT) of the glasses was recorded at 4 MeV with values of 3.93, 3.79, 3.70, 3.67, and 3.60 cm for S1, S2, S3, S4, and S5, respectively. The trend of the effective atomic number (Zeff) directly follows the MAC. Both exposure and energy absorption buildup factors EBUF and EABUF) were increased with photon energy and depth of penetration except at Bi absorption edges where spikes were seen. Comparing the effective linear attenuation coefficient (ELAC) of the glasses, it is affirmed that S5 has the greatest photon absorption coefficient for all the considered energy and depth. Therefore, the S-glasses are better photon absorber and will perform better in gamma radiation shielding in nuclear facilities compared to commercially available glass shields (RS360 and RS520) and a recently investigated glass matrix (TVM60). In addition, the glass system can thus be used for fast neutron absorber rather than ordinary concrete or water.
Evaluation of radiation shielding capacity of vanadium–tellurite–antimonite semiconducting glasses
(ELSEVIER, 2021) Rammah, Y. S.,; OLARINOYE, OYELEKE; El-Agawany, F. I., Mahmoud, K. A., Akkurt, I., & Yousef, E.
Effects of antimony trioxide (Sb2O3) on the shielding features of ternary tellurite-vanadium- antimonite glasses were investigated. The glasses chemical composition are described by 40TeO2-(60-x) V2O5-xSb2O3: 0 ≤xSb2O3 ≤10 mol%. The mass attenuation coefficients (MAC) were simulated using Monte Carlo simulation code (MCNP- 5) and estimated theoretically via WinXcom program for 15 keV up to 15 MeV photon energy. Alpha and proton stopping power and projected range were computed utilizing the SRIM program. Furthermore, other effective shielding parameters like linear attenuation coefficient (LAC), desired shield thickness, and effective atomic number were calculated relying on the estimated MAC values. The photon’s accumulation within the studied glasses in terms of buildup factors has been estimated via the EXABCal program. The MAC shielding capacity’s output findings revealed an increment from 28.9 to 31.3 cm2/g with increasing the Sb2O3 ratio from 0 to 10 mol %, respectively. The glass samples coded TVS0 recorded the largest (ΣR) among all studied samples. Results concluded that raising the Sb2O3 insertion ratio is significantly enhances the TVS shielding capacity. Thus, the investigated glass samples are good candidates for several nuclear protection applications.