Telecommunication Engineering

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://repository.futminna.edu.ng:4000/handle/123456789/752

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Conservation of Mobile Terminal’s Battery Life Using Dynamic Power Control Algorithm
(SAP, Journal of Wireless Networking and Communications, 2012) Oyewobi S. Stephen; Elizabeth N. Onwuka
Most of our activities today are tied around being able to make a call or connect to the Internet with our Mobile devices. However, to optimally utilize the network and deliver the needed satisfaction to the user the mobile device needs to be powered. Sadly most mobile devices are powered by energy-limited batteries, which impose a constraint on the mobile terminal optimal performance and on the network utility. As a result, special emphasis is now being laid on extending the battery life of mobile devices. In this work, we present a simple and effective power control algorithm, which conserves battery power by dynamically responding to real-time network conditions to adjust mobile terminal’s transmit power. BER (bit error rate) in measurement reports obtained from signals received from the mobile terminal were used to estimate signal quality that helps to determine the network conditions and adjust mobile terminal’s transmit power accordingly. Our algorithm was tested using simulation models, and our results were compared with the Stepwise algorithm, which is a popular power control algorithm in literature. A reasonable improvement was recorded for length of operation time and battery-energy saved for the mobile terminal over stepwise algorithm.
An Improved Rain Activated Automatic Window
(Biennial Engineering Conference, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology (SEET), 2013) Oyewobi S. Stephen; Okwori M; Achonu A. O; Waheed A. M
Meteorological conditions like temperature, wind, clouds, and precipitation (rainfall) influence the condition of comfort inside a house, especially through wind doors and windows; hence the need for proper control activator (either to is close aimed or at open) having of window control made convenient to home owners by the use of a switch to open windows in a an improved automatic window with rain or close the window. The design was conceived after observing the stress mechanical windows give us in our control of it to let air and light come into the house; therefore, advancement in electronics technology was used to design this automatic window. However, unlike existing automatic windows, a rain sensor has been included in this work to help shut the window automatically when rain is falling. To achieve this, a moisture sensor is incorporated in the design to sense rainfall, a forward and reversing DC Motor to move the window pane back and forth, a bistable circuit to control the movement of the DC Motor and a power supply to power the system.The design of ble circult to control work effectively in convenient control of windows for the comfort of the homes and in protecting the homes from rainfall. Keywords: Automatic window, rain activator, mechanical window, electronics, DC motor.
An Improved GSM Technology-Based Microcontroller Multi-Sensor Home Security and Monitoring System
(International Engineering Conference (IEC), School of Engineering and Engineering Technology (SEET), 2015) Oyewobi S. Stephen; M. Okwori; E. U. Mpkuma; W. M. Audu
With increasing rate of crime all over the world, and with no pointer to this rate of crime abating anytime soon, home security has now become a major concern. Therefore most people; rich or poor are taking measures from highly sophisticated to very crude methods to prevent intrusion. This work presents a GSM technology-based home security and monitoring system. However, unlike the traditional magnetic switch alarms equipped on doors and windows, this system has incorporated a fire detector, a motion sensor and a moisture (rainfall) sensor. On any attempt of a break in, rainfall or possible smoke or fire a short message service (SMS) is sent to the house owner. The system is built using a programmed microcontroller interfaced with mobile phone (NOKIA 1209) such that the three major buttons of the mobile phone are switched at intervals to send a message to the owner of the house anytime there is an intruder, rainfall or fire accident. The system was tested and it worked on attempt of intrusion, rainfall (water) and smoke.
Polynomial based Channel Estimation Technique with Sliding Window for M-QAM Systems
(The Science and Information Organisation, International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 2016) O. O. Ogundile; M. O. Oloyede; F. A. Aina; Oyewobi S. Stephen
Symbol Assisted Modulation (PSAM) channel estimation techniques over Rayleigh fading channels have been analysed in recent years. Fluctuations in the Rayleigh fading channel gain degrades the performance of any modulation scheme. This paper develops and analyses a PSAM Polynomial interpolation technique based on Least Square (LS) approximations to estimate the Channel State Information (CSI) for M-ary Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (M-QAM) over flat Rayleigh fading channels. A Sliding window approach with pilot symbol adjustment is employed in order to minimize the computational time complexity of the estimation technique. The channel estimation performance, and its computational delay and time complexity is verified for different Doppler frequencies ( fd), frame lengths (L), and Polynomial orders (P-orders). Simulation results show that the Cubic Polynomial interpolation gives superior Symbol Error Rate (SER) performance than the Quadratic Polynomial interpolation and higher P-orders, and the performance of the Polynomial estimation techniques degrade with increase in the P-orders
A survey of cognitive radio handoff schemes, challenges and issues for industrial wireless sensor networks
(Elsevier, Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 2017-08-25) Oyewobi S. Stephen; Gerhard Hancke
Industrial wireless sensor network (IWSN) applications are mostly time-bound, mission-critical and highly delay sensitive applications therefore IWSN defines strict, stringent and unique QoS requirements such as timeliness, reliability and availability. In IWSN, unlike other sensor networks, late arrival of packets or delay or disruption to an on-going communication are considered as critical failure. Also, because IWSN is deployed in the overcrowded industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band it is difficult to meet this unique QoS requirements due to stiff competition for bandwidth from other technologies operating in ISM band resulting in scarcity of spectrum for reliable communication and/or disruption of ongoing communication. However, cognitive radio (CR) provides more spectral opportunities through opportunistic-use of unused licensed spectrum while ensuring minimal interference to licensed users. Similarly, spectrum handoff, which is a new type of handoff in cognitive radio, has the potential to offer increase bandwidth, reliable, smooth and interference-free communication for IWSNs through opportunistic-use of spectrum, minimal switching-delays, and efficient target channel selection strategies as well as effective link recovery maintenance. As a result, a new paradigm known as cognitive radio industrial wireless sensor network (CR-IWSN) has become the interest of recent research efforts. In this paper, we highlight and discuss important QoS requirements of IWSN as well as efforts of existing IWSN standards to address the challenges. We discuss the potential and how cognitive radio and spectrum handoff can be useful in the attempt to provide real-time reliable and smooth communication for IWSNs.
Optimized Forward Consecutive Mean Excision Algorithm for Adaptive Threshold Estimation in the Energy Detector
(International Conference on Global and Emerging Trends (ICGET), 2018) H Abdullahi; AJ Onumanyi; S Zubair; HB Salau; H Ohize; Oyewobi S. Stephen
In this paper, we provide a new model for optimizing the parameters of the FCME algorithm for autonomous threshold estimation in cognitive radio . our new model ensure that FCME is made capable of autonomously adjusting its parameters value based on the cuckoo search optimization algorithm
Performance of the Recursive One-Sided Hypothesis Testing Technique under varying Signal to Noise Ratio Conditions in Cognitive Radio
(Conference on Global and Emerging Trends (ICGET), 2018) JO Okonkwo; AJ Onumanyi; BA Salihu; HB Salau; Oyewobi S. Stephen
The recursive one-sided hypothesis testing technique (ROHT) is one example of an adaptive threshold estimation technique for energy detection in cognitive radio. In this paper, a preliminary study of the ROHT algorithm is carried out to examine the effect of varying SNR conditions on the performance limit of the algorithm
Survey of Cellular Signal Booster
(Mecs, Information Engineering and Electronic Business, 2018-11-08) Michael Okwori; Salihu O. Aliyu; Oyewobi S. Stephen; Caroline Alenoghena; Habeeb Bello-Salau; Sani S. Makusidi; Victor Asuquo
The development of wireless technology has facilitated the wide deployment of mobile communication systems. The beauty of wireless communication is that all nooks and corners can be reached at a cheaper and faster rate when compared with wireline. Wireless is now dominating the telecommunications market. Initially, the dawn of wireless was seen as the dawn of communications to poor countries and rural areas which were poorly covered by wireline devices due to high cost. Currently, the story has changed. Both the wired and unwired environments are clamoring for wireless connectivity. Considering the hype of R&D in broadband technologies and easy acceptance in the market place, wireline communications may soon die a natural death. However, wireless communications faces a few challenges. One of them is that the radio frequency (RF) carrier signals used in these communication systems degrades as it travels through the air interface due to attenuation and interference. As a result, the range of coverage may not be as planned leading to very weak reception or even dead zones where no communication can be done. This problem has resulted in the development of cellular signal boosters that help in receiving the weak signal, amplifying and then re-transmitting it to reach the uncovered areas. Boosters are now giving hope to the frustrated wireless users such as indoor users and those at the fringes of a cell site. These boosters are diverse in make, range, method of operation, deployment and cost. In this paper, a survey of various signal booster designs, deployment and performance is presented. It is hoped that this will serve as a one-stop shop for researchers and developers in the important field of wireless signal boosters and extenders, who wish to know what is available and existing challenges
IoT in the Wake of COVID-19: A Survey on Contributions, Challenges and Evolution
(IEEEE Access, 2020) Musa Ndiaye; Oyewobi S. Stephen; Adnan M. Abu-Mahfouz; Gerhard Hancke; Anish M. Kurien; Karim Djouani
The novel coronavirus (COVID-19), declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a global pandemic, has brought with it changes to the general way of life. Major sectors of the world industry and economy have been affected and the Internet of Things (IoT) management and framework is no exception in this regard. This article provides an up to date survey on how a global pandemic such as COVID-19 has affected the world of IoT technologies. It looks at the contributions that IoT and associated sensor technologies have made towards virus tracing, tracking and spread mitigation. The associated challenges of deployment of sensor hardware in the face of a rapidly spreading pandemic have been looked into as part of this review article. The effects of a global pandemic on the evolution of IoT architectures and management have also been addressed, leading to the likely outcomes on future IoT implementations. In general, this article provides an insight into the advancement of sensor-based E-health towards the management of global pandemics. It also answers the question of how a global virus pandemic has shaped the future of IoT networks.
A review of industrial wireless communications, challenges, and solutions: A cognitive radio approach
(Wiley, 2020-09-09) Oyewobi S. Stephen; Karim Djouani; Anish Matthew Kurien
Abstract Integral and crucial to performance of wireless sensor networks (WSNs), and specifically industrial wireless sensor network (IWSN) is stable, robust, reliable, and ubiquitous communications system. Though, wired communications system is suitable for industrial communications and is resilient to shadowing and multipath fading effects of industrial-WSN environments, yet its wireless counterpart is a much preferred industrial communications technology due to reduced cost and high flexibility which it offers in comparison to wired communications. However, overcrowding of the industrial, scientific, and medical band, where IWSN is deployed together with other heterogeneous technologies, as well as resultant scarcity of usable frequency spectrum has restrained exclusive application of wireless technology for industrial communications. Nonetheless, cognitive radio (CR) has ability to increase spectrum utilization efficiency and channel capacity for industrial wireless communications (IWC) through opportunistic/dynamic spectrum access (DSA) technique. In this review article, we examine how DSA can benefit IWC through exploitation of new perspectives of white space definitions in the licensed bands as well as unlicensed bands. While discussing the potential of DSA for IWC, we have considered the unique characteristics of IWC as well as technical challenges and issues imposed by industrial-WSN. Accordingly, we have suggested and proffered appropriate CR-based solutions in mitigating some of the challenges where necessary.
Visible Light Communications for Internet of Things: Prospects and Approaches, Challenges, Solutions and Future Directions
(MDPI, 2022-02-05) Oyewobi S. Stephen; Karim Djouani; Anish Matthew Kurien
Visible light communications (VLC) is an emerging and promising concept that is capable of solving the major challenges of 5G and Internet of Things (IoT) communication systems. Moreover, due to the usage of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in almost every aspect of our daily life VLC is providing massive connectivity for various types of massive IoT communications ranging from machine-to-machine, vehicle-to-infrastructure, infrastructure-to-vehicle, chip-to-chip as well as device-to-device. In this paper, we undertake a comprehensive review of the prospects of implementing VLC for IoT. Moreover, we investigate existing and proposed approaches implemented in the application of VLC for IoT. Additionally, we look at the challenges faced in applying VLC for IoT and offer solutions where applicable. Then, we identify future research directions in the implementation of VLC for IoT.
Enhancing Industrial Workplace Safety With Internet of Things Using Arduino Micro-Controller
(SIPET & SEET, Nigeria Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NJEAS), 2023) Oyewobi S. Stephen; Usman A. U,; Innocent C; Abdulbaki O. A; Jack K. E
IoT (Internet of Things) technologies are widely used in many industrial sectors as a result of their rising technological performance and reduced buying costs. For these reasons, IoT has been considered for use in many emerging fields of application, such as workplace safety. The industry workplace which comprises human and nonhuman factors is becoming more saturated on a daily. These rising activities expose and make the industrial environment prone to uncertainties, e.g. accidents, injuries, explosions, fire outbreaks, and other industrial hazards that undermine man’s industrial environment safety. However, over the past few years, IoT technologies have proffered industrial solutions for a variety of industrial projects, particularly to dynamically manage safety levels at complex workplaces. In this work, an enhanced IoT-based industrial safety system is developed and implemented using an Arduino microcontroller. The Arduino serves as an interface between the different sensors that sense signals from the environment and send messages to the Buzzer/GSM module/Internet. The Arduino is programmed to send a signal and activate the buzzer whenever the sensors sense a value <25oc or >35oc (for Temperature sensor) or low intensity (Light sensor) or smoke (Gas sensor) in the environment. A short message (SMS) is delivered to the safety operator/manager’s phone whenever the gas sensor, temperature sensor, or light sensor senses gas leakage, low light intensity, and temperature respectively. It will also activate a buzzer and upload data to a web server for remote access. A performance test of the system shows that the system was able to sense gas leakage, low light intensity, and temperature very accurately at a low response time and over a wide range effectively.
A Smart Optimization-Enabled Omnidirectional Dipole Antenna Design for Campus and Conventional FM Radio: A Case Study of 92.3 MHz Campus Radio FUT Minna,
(ATBU Journal of Science, Technology and Education, 2023) O. Akamike; C. Alenoghena; Oyewobi S. Stephen
An antenna performs the most important function in any communication system, this underscores the reason most researchers in the field of antenna design pay close attention to specifics in designing smart antennas. Radio on the other hand is a medium or channel through which information can be disseminated to the audience, to achieve this, an antenna is required. This paper presents a novel optimization based technique to design a smart antenna to meet the demands of both educational institutions and the broadcasting industry. There has been a paradigm shift from conventional antenna designs to smart antennas designs to meet the ever changing world of communication where end users demand high quality of service, and high connectivity, especially with the roll out of 5G wireless network and other evolving technologies. Optimization techniques can be leveraged when the available resources cannot be replaced. A case study of Search FM 92.3MHz FUT Minna has been carried out to address the poor signal coverage within Minna and environs.
Performance Analysis of Path Loss Models for Wireless Communications at 3.5 GHz and 23 GHz in a Regular Urban Environment
(IEEEE, 2023) Farouq E. Shaibu; Elizabeth N. Onwuka; Nathaniel Salawu; Oyewobi S. Stephen
Deployment of an Artificial Intelligent Robot for Weed Management in Legumes Farmland
(ABUAD Journal of Engineering Research and Development (AJERD), 2023-08-14) A. A. Adeniji; K. E. Jack; M. K. Idris; Oyewobi S. Stephen; H. Musa; A. O. Oyelami
This groundbreaking research introduces an AI-based approach for revolutionizing weed management in legume farmland, addressing the limitations of traditional methods and introducing a new era of cost-effective and precise weed detection and removal. Traditional methods of removing weeds from farmland involving machinery or chemicals often resulted in high costs and imprecise outcomes. To address these challenges, an advanced image recognition algorithm was proposed, which harnessed smart machines to minimize costs and environmental risks. By utilizing computer vision technology, weeds were accurately identified and targeted for removal. A machine learning model was trained using relevant datasets to enable precise weed management. The AI-powered robot, equipped with advanced image recognition algorithms, demonstrated exceptional accuracy and speed, performing weed removal and decomposition 1.2 times faster than traditional manual labour. This breakthrough in weed management technology offers farmers a means to optimize crop yields, enhance food production, and minimize the environmental impact associated with chemical herbicides. A prototype of the robot was fabricated and evaluated in real-world farming conditions. Field tests were conducted on a bean farm and it’s demonstrated the robot's exceptional accuracy, with only a 2% deviation from the actual weed quantity. This research showcased the potential of AI-based weed management systems in legume farming, offering cost-effective and precise weed detection and removal. This research sets a precedent for the integration of AI in modern agriculture, driving the industry toward a more environmentally conscious and economically viable future. The AI-based weed management system empowers farmers, ensuring bountiful harvests, increased profitability, and a greener, more sustainable tomorrow while attention should be given to manufacturing this model for industrial and or commercial applications.
Performance of Path Loss Models over Mid-Band and High-Band Channels for 5G Communication Networks: A Review
(MDPI, 2023-11-07) Farooq E Shuaibu; Elizabeth N. Onwuka; Nathaniel Salawu; Oyewobi S. Stephen; Karim Djouani; Adnan M. Abu-Mahfouz
The rapid development of 5G communication networks has ushered in a new era of highspeed, low-latency wireless connectivity, as well as the enabling of transformative technologies. However, a crucial aspect of ensuring reliable communication is the accurate modeling of path loss, as it directly impacts signal coverage, interference, and overall network efficiency. This review paper critically assesses the performance of path loss models in mid-band and high-band frequencies and examines their effectiveness in addressing the challenges of 5G deployment. In this paper, we first present the summary of the background, highlighting the increasing demand for high-quality wireless connectivity and the unique characteristics of mid-band (1–6 GHz) and high-band (>6 GHz) frequencies in the 5G spectrum. The methodology comprehensively reviews some of the existing path loss models, considering both empirical and machine learning approaches. We analyze the strengths and weaknesses of these models, considering factors such as urban and suburban environments and indoor scenarios. The results highlight the significant advancements in path loss modeling for mid-band and high-band 5G channels. In terms of prediction accuracy and computing effectiveness, machine learning models performed better than empirical models in both mid-band and high-band frequency spectra. As a result, they might be suggested as an alternative yet promising approach to predicting path loss in these bands. We consider the results of this review to be promising, as they provide network operators and researchers with valuable insights into the state-of-the-art path loss models for mid-band and high-band 5G channels. Future work suggests tuning an ensemble machine learning model to enhance a stable empirical model with multiple parameters to develop a hybrid path loss model for the mid-band frequency spectrum.