Chemical Engineering

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Chemical Engineering

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Author: search.filters.author.Eterigho, Elizabeth JumokeStart date: 2010

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    Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination on Dumpsite in Kuyi Village, Niger State, Nigeria
    (International Journal of Research in Chemical, Metallurgical and Civil Engineering. (IJRCMCE), 2016) Iyakwari, Joseph; Agbajelola, D. O.; Farrow, T. S.; Eterigho, Elizabeth Jumoke
    Soil samples collected from the dumpsite located in Kuyi village, Minna, Niger State were analyzed for copper (Cu), iron (Fe2+) and manganese (Mn) using Atomic Absorption Spectrometer. Twenty-one (21) sample points both horizontally and vertically (depth) were studied. The results revealed that Mn had the highest concentration (11.6mg/kg) compared to Cu and Fe2+. However, it was observed that a minimal reduction in concentration of each metal along the surface of the dumpsite occurred. Interestingly, the concentration of Fe at all points was relatively high (5.54mg/kg, 4.67mg/kg, 3.99mg/kg and 3.78mg/kg). Based on the Federal Environmental Protection Agency and Land Disposal Restriction Standard Regulation, this metal could have adverse effect on human health, stream and agricultural activities of villagers around the dumpsite.
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    Effect of modification on conventional preparation method for Sulphated Zirconia on the production of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester
    (The Nigerian Society of Chemical Engineers, 2014-11) Eterigho, Elizabeth Jumoke; Farrow, T. S.
    Sulphated zirconia was synthesized using different volume of sulphating agent in order to optimise its catalytic property: (1) in the first case the "conventional" 15 ml H2SO4 to 1g of Zr(OH)4 for impregnation was used in wet-precipitation method and the catalyst designated 'wp' and (2) same procedure but with modification in volume of acid; 2 ml of H2SO4 was used for 1g of Zr(OH)4, 'mw'. The properties of the uncalcined and calcined catalysts were examined by various techniques: EDX, XPS, XRDP, Py-DRIFTS and BET nitrogen adsorption techniques. The sulphur content in the uncalcined ('mwp' and 'wp') catalysts was the s a m e ; 0.07 mol each whereas the calcined catalysts were 0.07 mol and 0.05 mol for 'mwp' and 'wp' respectively. BET surface area was determined to be 65.0 m2/g for wp and 101m2/g for 'mwp'. The effect of the variation of sulphating ageni on the catalyst activity was investigated in catalytic cracking of triglycerides for fatty acid methyl esters. Sulphated zirconia from the modified conventional method was found to perform better than the conventional wet-precipitated sulphated zirconia. Furthermore, 'mwp' retained approximately 74% of its sulphur content after 3 h reaction whereas 'wp' catalysi lost 100% during the reaction as indicated by SEM-EDX. Interesting the results show variation in characterization and in their selectivity to different types of fatty acid methyl esters under the same reaction conditions. The 'mp' catalysi showed higher catalytic activity for methy! ester yield of 40% as well as higher selectivity for saturated methyl esters
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    Evaluation of Catalytic Activity of Synthesized Sulphated Zirconia for Triglyceride Cracking”
    (8th European Congress of Chemical Engineering. Berlin, Germany, 2011-09-25) Eterigho, Elizabeth Jumoke; Lee, J. G. M.; Harvey, A. P
    Conventional wet-precipitation method was used to synthesis sulphated zirconia using two different molar ratios of sulphating agents. (1) the first was using a molar ratio of 1: 45 of ZrOCl.8H20 impregnated with 1 M H2SO4 (wp) and (2) a molar ratio of 1: 6 was used for the modified conventional wet-precipitation method, (mwp).. The properties of both catalysts were examined by various techniques: EDX, XPS, FTIR, SEM, XRDP, Py-DRIFTS and BET nitrogen adsorption techniques. The variation in the molar ratio of the sulphating agent used during preparation led to sulphated zirconia that exhibited different properties in terms of specific surface areas, acid sites, thermal stability and surface sulphate. Both catalysts were catalytically active for triglycerides cracking for fatty acid methyl esters in a thermocatalytic reaction. The SZI not only exhibited higher conversion of triglycerides but higher FAMEs yield, approximately 50% after 3 h, as compared to SZ2 (39%). Interestingly, SZ1 was selective towards unsaturated esters whereas SZ2 was towards saturated esters.
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    Triglyceride cracking for biofuel production using a directly synthesised sulphated zirconia catalyst
    (Journal of Bioresource Technology, 2011-02-13) Eterigho, Elizabeth Jumoke; Lee, J. G. M.; Harvey, Philip A.
    In this study, sulphated zirconia was directly synthesised and compared to the conventional wet method of preparation. The surface areas and pore sizes were 169 m2/g, 0.61 lm (directly synthesized) and 65 m2/g, 0.24 lm (conventional method), respectively. Directly synthesized sulphated zirconia was amorphous, whereas conventionally prepared sulphated zirconia is polycrystalline. Their IR spectra were broadly similar, although the area of the 1250 to 950 cmÿ1 band was larger for directly synthesised sulphated zirconia. Not only were conversions greater for directly synthesised sulphated zirconia (63% vs. 42% after 4 h), but it exhibited significantly greater yield for fatty acid methyl esters. The percentage yield (after 1 h) of methyl esters was 43% for the directly synthesised catalyst and 15% for the conventionally synthesised