Urban & Regional Planning
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Urban & Regional Planning
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Item FFECT OF URBAN GREEN SPACES ON RESIDENTS’ WELL-BEING IN ABUJA MUNICIPAL AREA COUNCIL, NIGERIA(CHSUD Journal, Centre for Human Settlements and Urban Development, Federal University of Technology Minna, Niger State, Nigeria, 2023) UGBOH, RICHARD; MUSA, HARUNA D.,; MARTINS, VALDA I.Participation in activities in urban green areas and parks has a substantial impact on the physical, social, and mental health of the residents. The aim of the research is to assess how green spaces in cities affect the well-being of residents in the Abuja Municipal Area Council. This research was done using a cross-sectional method with a focus on the urban green spaces and parks in AMAC. A total of 430 residents from estimated population of 1,775,432 in 2021 were randomly sampled using structured questionnaires. The collected data were analysed using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, and mean), and the relationship between accessibility and utilization of urban green spaces on the wellbeing of residents (Physical, social and mental well-being) were tested using Bi-variate analysis(Spearman rank correlation (rs) and logistic regression in Statistical Package for Social Sciences(SPSS). The findings reveals that the distance to the nearest urban green space and parks positively affect well-being (β = .111, p < .05), whereas the length of stay at the urban green spaces and parks has significant negative effect on the resident’s well-being (β = -.342, p < .001) in AMAC. In overall, the result of the study reveals that the amount of public participation in urban green spaces has a significant positive impact on the well-being of residents. Participants who often visit urban green areas and parks report increased satisfaction with their physical, social and mental well-being.Item Are Holidays or Festive Periods to blame for Seasonal Spikes in Road Traffic Accidents in Nigeria?(Environmental Technology and Science Journal, 2023) Morenikeji W.,; Musa H.D.,; Michael E.; Medayese S.Over the years, citizens have characteristically viewed festive and holiday seasons in Nigeria as a period when there are spikes in traffic and road crashes. These spike in road crashes have been ascribed to some spiritual or mystical powers which often possess the road ways especially the intercity or highways within the country. The paper examined the impact of holiday and festive periods on the recorded road traffic accident cases in Nigeria for a period ten years (2012 – 2021) using weekly data obtained from the Federal Road Safety Corps Office, the research adopted exploratory data analysis conducted on the Road Traffic accidents data suggests that the data is not normally distributed (Shapiro-Wilk = 0.94, p = .002) hence Kruskal-Wallis test -a non-parametric statistics equivalent of Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was adopted for test of difference. The aim was to isolate the actual period when road accidents occurred most between ordinary day, non-festive holiday and festive holiday periods. National holiday and festive dates were marked on the data sheet and a hypothesis was tested. A Kruskal-Wallis test was conducted to compare the median ranks of three groups: Festive Holiday, Non-holiday, and Non Festive Holiday. The test revealed a significant difference among the groups (χ2(2) = 11.02, p = .004.). Post hoc tests using the Dunn-Bonferroni method showed that Festive Holiday (FH) and Non-holiday (NH) groups had a significantly different median rank (KW = 58.38, Mdn_FH = 220, Mdn_NH = 180, adj.p = .007). Similarly, the Festive Holiday and Non Festive Holiday (NFH) groups had a significantly different median rank (KW = 84.16, Mdn_FH = 220, Mdn_NFH = 177.5, adj. p = .017). However, there was no significant difference in median rank (Mdn) between Non-holiday and Non Festive Holiday groups (KW = 25.77, Mdn_NH = 180, Mdn_NFH = 177.5, adj. p = .948). The study concluded that most road traffic accidents occur during festive holidays.Item Influence of Socio-cultural Factors in Solid Waste Generation in Bida Town(KIU Journal of Social Sciences, Kampala International University, 2023) MUHAMMAD S. BABASABA; HARUNA D. MUSA; MEMUNAT O. AKANBI; BENJAMIN N.SANTELIWaste generation rates vary across countries and cities due to differences in influencing factors. This study assesses the socio-cultural factors and the relationships between socio-cultural factors and solid waste generation in Bida. The study employed a quantitative approach with a structured questionnaire to assess seven (7) socio-cultural factors: geographic location, economic situation, beliefs, religion, urbanization, awareness, and practice. A total of 400 households were sampled using stratified random techniques based on traditional and modern settings in Bida town. Exploratory factor analysis was employed to analyse the factors that influenced waste generation. The relationship between these factors and waste generation was tested using Pearson correlation and regression analysis. The findings show that social factors such as "urbanization" (α > 0.894), "geographical location" (α > 0.757), "awareness" (α > 0.719), and "economic situation" (α = 0.791) as well as cultural factors such as "practice" (α = 0.798), "belief (α = 0.782), 'religion' (α = 0.715) influences solid waste generation in Bida. Also, "urbanization" (r =.124; p =.05), "awareness" (r =.197; p =.01), and the cultural factor "local practice" (r =.195; p =.01) were found to have weak and significant associations with solid waste generation in Bida. However, the relationship between variables was moderate (R =.290) and accounted for only 8.4% (R² =.084) of the variance in the waste generation rate in Bida.Item Predictors of Urban Growth in Peri-Urban Neighbourhood of Minna, Niger State.(International Journal of Innovative Research and Advanced Studies (IJIRAS)., 2023) Idowu Olusegun Owoeye,; Sulaiman, Zakariyau Liman,; Umaru, Emmanuel TankoThe rapid expansion of cities in the 21st century is a cause for concern. More worrisome is the uncontrolled expansion of urban areas in the cities of developing countries and the associated housing deficit. Third world urbanisation is associated with unplanned development at the periphery of cities, thus engendering unapproved land use and land cover changes. This study is aimed at assessing the predictors of urban growth in peri-urban area of Minna, Nigeria, and the objectives are to examine the spatio-temporal change of peri-urban area of Minna from 1990 to 2020; identify factors responsible for urban expansion in the study area; and examine the relationship between these factors in the study area. This study relies on both primary and secondary data. Primary data was collected through oral interviews and direct observation, while secondary data are through Landsat imageries and review of existing literature. Purposive sampling was used to select professionals for oral interview. The satellite imageries of 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2020 were used to determine the spatio-temporal change and were analyzed using remote sensing and geographical information system (GIS) techniques. The study reveals that the main predictors of urban growth are shift from rental tenure to home ownership, cheap price of land, increase in household formation, rising living standards, low rent of housing, weak land use planning, proximity to place of work and Safe environment. The study, therefore recommends active and judicious implementation of land use plans; simplification of plan approval process; public enlightenment campaign on the need to obey planning regulations with strict penalties attached to contravention; and monitoring of town planning agencies by appropriate authorities in order to checkmate corruption.Item Adequacy of Road Furniture within the Major Highways in Minna Metropolis, Niger State, Nigeria.(International Journal of Innovative Research and Advanced Studies (IJIRAS)., 2023) Idowu, Olusegun Owoeye,; Umaru, Emmanuel Tanko; Azih, Mercy AkareAbstract: The absence of sufficient safety laws, poor infrastructure, and inadequate enforcement in low- and middle income countries account for 90% of the world’s road traffic fatalities. Road furniture are used to improve safety and control traffic along the roads. The aim of the research was to determine the adequacy of road furniture that control traffic along the major roads in Minna, Niger State. The road furniture considered were traffic signals, road signs, speed humps and roundabouts. The research investigated their adequacy in terms of distribution, sufficiency, and conformity to standards. Both primary and secondary data were employed in the study. The coordinate’s location points of all existing road furniture were collected using Global Position System and the points were determined on Google earth map covering the study area. The distribution, placements, composition and sizes of the existing furniture were determined using Geographical Information System techniques. The study revealed that the existing furniture are insufficient, although they are randomly distributed along the existing highways as 47% were conformed to conventional standards. The study recommended that efforts must be made in maintaining the existing road furniture and new one need be erected in places that possess dangers to pedestrians and other road users.Item Spatial Analysis of Journey-to-School by Secondary School Students in Minna, Nigeria(Construction and Human Settlements Management Journal (CHSMJ), 2024) Akande, O.; Adeleye B. M.; Musa, H.D.; Medayese, S. O.; Odumosu, Yemi.; Morenikeji, WoleEducation infrastructure planning is an integral part of society amidst the rapid urbanisation experienced in Nigerian cities. This study analysed the Journeyto-School of public and private secondary school students in Minna, Nigeria. The study's objectives were to examine the spatial analysis of public and private secondary schools and the distance covered by the students from home to school in Minna. Quantitative data were collected from 8422 students in 107 schools comprising 20 public and 87 private secondary schools. Data collected were corroborated with geographic information analysis. The study reveals that the average distance covered (2.70km) by students attending public schools is more than the distance covered (2.07km) by students attending private secondary schools. The study further reveals that 53.19% of the students in public schools travel more than 2 km to school daily, but with the inclusion of private schools, the percentage of students travelling above 2 km to school daily was reduced by 10%. The study concludes that the cluster and the random distribution in private and public secondary schools are indications of poor education infrastructure planning. The study, therefore, recommends proper education infrastructure planning and that public schools should be provided in neighbourhoods where students travel more than 5 km daily to access secondary educationItem OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE AND OPERATIONAL SAFETY EFFICIENCY OF COMMERCIAL MOTORCYCLE AND TRICYCLE OPERATIONS IN MINNA, NIGERIA(Centre for Human Settlements and Urban Development, 2024) Morenikeji Wole; SANNI, L. M.; ADELEYE, B. M.; MUSA, H. D.The tricycle (Keke-NAPEP), the government's poverty alleviation initiative, is a rapidly developing paratransit alternative in Nigeria. Due to the lack of an urban transportation strategy, alternatives such as tricycles and motorcycles have grown in popularity. This study compares the two modes of paratransit for commercial operation to determine how their unique qualities, notably ownership, affect their long-term viability. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 96 tricycle and 180 motorcycle operators in Minna using a questionnaire and a non-probabilistic sampling approach. Descriptive statistics and chisquared analysis were used to analyse the data. Statistically significance difference was found between the Owner - operated paratransit (tricycle N4,860.98; motorcycle N3,503.64) who make more profit than the non-owner operators (tricycle N2,200; motorcycle N1,755.17). In terms of maintenance costs, a tricycle (Mdn = N5,000 per month) costs more than a motorcycle (Mdn = N4,000). Furthermore, more tricycles (89.58%) than motorcycles (33.33%) had their two side mirrors intact and so also the two trafficators (tricycles 90.63%; motorcycles(76.19%). Approximately 14% of motorcycle operators thought their mode was unsafe, compared to 0.56 % of tricycle users. We suggest that the government build a pathway for soft lending programmes to stimulate the acquisition of tricycles for business transportation, as well as upgrade the downtown road network to entice tricycle operators to fill the void left by the enforced ban on motorcycle transportation.Item The Ember Months: A Dark Time for Road Safety in Nigeria?(Journal of Road Safety, 2024) Morenikeji Wole; Haruna D. Musa; Akande O. Shareefdeen; Owoeye Lanke; Balogun SikiruRoad Traffic Crashes (RTC) are known to exhibit various trends which are attributed to various factors such as the climatic seasonal changes and particular time periods, such as ember months (September, October, November, and December). This study explored the potential interaction between ember months and seasons concerning crash rates. Data on crash rates for 96 months (January 2014-December 2021) were extracted from the records at the Federal Road Safety Corps (FRSC), Headquarters Office, Abuja, and the dataset was organised based on the two independent variables: ember months and seasons (Wet/Dry). A two-way ANOVA was performed to analyse the main effects of both factors and examine whether there was an interaction effect between them. The results of the two-way ANOVA showed no significant interaction effect between ember months and seasons regarding traffic crash rates. However, significant main effects were observed for season (Wet/Dry) but with no significant main effect for specific months (Ember/non Ember). It was concluded that season has a statistically significant impact on crash rates, while ember months do not show a significant influence on crash rates. While the number of crashes does not appear to be significantly affected by the ember months, it is recommended that it is still important the Federal Road Safety Corps consistently enforce traffic laws and road safety measures all year long to maintain standards of safety.Item An Assessment of Urban Change and Its Drivers in Suleja Local Government Area of Niger State, Nigeria(CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development, 2023-06-28) Adeleye, B. M., Ssemwogerere, K., Mukwaya, P. I., Kiggundu, A. T., Omolo-Okalebo, F., & Kayondo, L. M.The knowledge of urban change is critical to the management and planning of urban areas. Robust geospatial technologies have increasingly enhanced our understanding of urban change. This paper employs remote sensing and GIS data from the earth explorer data archive to assess the character and pattern of urban change in Suleja Local Government Area (Niger State in Nigeria) and its drives from 1987 to 2019. The nature and character of urban change are examined from the lens of the urban intensity index and the urban land use/cover change. Data from the geospatial techniques were corroborated with secondary data from the Niger State Regional Plan, Suleja Master Plan, and the Abuja Master Plan. The underlying drivers of urban change within this period were also examined. This study reveals that Suleja Local Government Area experienced unprecedented growth in its urban area from 1987 to 2019. Using Qiuying's mathematical model for the urban change intensity index, the study revealed that the urban change intensity index of Suleja developed from low urban intensity (0.16) to highly rapid urban intensity (0.73). The highly rapid urban intensity index witnessed in Suleja was dominated by an edge expansion urban form of change associated with urban sprawl. This study further reveals that the present physical development activities in Suleja are not sustainable. This study, therefore, recommends articulated urban planning for Suleja LGA; also, the outdated Niger State Regional Development Plan and Suleja Master Plan should be reviewed by the Niger State Government. Keywords: Population; Suleja; Urban Change; Urban Density; Urban SprawlItem Neighbourhood Planning: Reminiscence Towards Liveable Communities(CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development, 2024-04-04) Wahab B., Kadiri, W., Popoola, A., Adeleye, B., & Dwamena, R. A.Urbanisation remains a topical discussion across the globe. According to the United Nations (2022), 68% of the world's population will be absorbed in urban areas by 2050. The envisaged rapid urbanisation in cities by 2050 is believed to be accompanied by various planning problems, which include accelerated climate change, urban slums, urban sprawl, poor sanitation, inadequate infrastructure, overcrowding, housing deficiency and transportation issues. To mitigate these planning problems, the role of effective urban planning cannot be overemphasised. Urban planning provides a pathway for overcoming the various challenges posed by urbanisation both in the present and in the future. Urban planning is the process of guiding and directing land use for physical development to ensure a high quality of life and well-being of residents through the improvement of infrastructures and facilities, optimal economic development, and efficient operations and services (Bibri, 2018). Also, urban planning plays a significant role in actualising the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 11, which seeks to make human settlement inclusive and sustainable (RELX, 2024). This implies that with efficient urban planning, access to a high quality of life for all city dwellers can be ensured amidst the present and forecast rapid urbanisation that would be experienced by cities of the world. Planning as an ancient, multi-sectoral, and multidisciplinary discipline that is focused on the sustainable functioning and arrangement of space cannot be over-emphasized. As a discipline that is influenced by human habits, actions, policies and professional practices, planning (whether traditional or modern) is perceptual and suggests the role of humans in shaping settlements. Recognising this, the writing of Jagannath (2019) drawing on Clarence Perry neighbourhood ideology suggests that the need for planning is to be considered along a micro-level. The liveability of workplace and place of resident emerged from the view that NP was both a response to placelessness (along the micro planning unit of space) and response to the degenerated social and environmental conditions that emerged out of the industrial revolution. Neighbourhood planning according to Parker (2012) allows for a community based radical strategy to emerging spatial problem. The writer documented that neighbourhood planning provides a room for the merging of formal (government and agencies) ideas with the local or informal (community resident), such that a cooperation is able to achieve an inclusive neighbourhood defined solution to identified problems. Recognising this, Bradley (2018) wrote that where development policy may privilege the supposed objectivity of technocratic rationalism, participation brings other ways of knowing and different types of evidence and methods of evidence gathering to the understanding of place (p.2). He further wrote that participatory planning practice has been seen as a touchstone for the ability of technocratic knowledge to accommodate lay perspectives of lived space. The incorporation of place-based 2 Neighbourhood Planning: Reminiscence Towards Liveable Communities knowledge in development planning becomes integral to the epistemology through which abstract space is produced (p.24). In this special issue, the diverse nature of planning (with focus on urban and neighbourhoods) and environmental problems were addressed. The authors in the special issue provided a multi- and interdisciplinary approach to understanding planning and in fact neighbourhood planning as a tool to managing and achieving liveability amidst rapid urbanisation. In this special issue, from the twenty-one submissions and proposals, only thirteen were considered for publication. All the manuscript underwent a two expert blind review, plagiarism check and editorial reviews. The focus on the articles accepted for publication drew on local context to planning and responding wicked problems within local areas and the process of adopting immediate built- environment principles as captured in neighbourhood planning to managing these challenges that limits communal liveability. The importance of local context and ‘neighbourhood-ness’ of research draws on the position of Lee et al. (2022), that neighbourhood planning remains an under-utilised ideology, approach, and process of achieving community liveability. This issue, as presented in the section below, provides a critical eye and/or perception on the inter- and multidisciplinary prisms of neighbourhood planning as a sustainable approach to achieving liveable communities.