Building Technology

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Building Technology

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Influence of leadership Traits on Team Performance as Correlates of Sucess in Construction Project Delivery
(Civil Engineering and Urban Planning: An International Journal (CiVEJ), 2015-06-01) Ekung, Samuel; Olubajo, Oluseun Olukemi; Ebong, Ubong
The project environment in Nigeria is shifting from traditional practice towards dispersed teams thereby creating the need to understand leadership attributes that lead to successful project outcomes. This study assessed the impact of leadership traits on team performance as correlates of success in construction projects. Like many other management research, the study involve inferential survey. 172 participants drawn from the different professions in the construction industry selected from 42 mega projects completed in the last three years in south-south Nigeria were sampled. Twelve collaborative leadership traits drawn from emotional, managerial competencies were tested against team performance and team spirit stimulants from the literature. Mean item score was used to evaluate relevance of the traits to collaborative working while hypotheses were tested using chi square. While the result of the study is not different from literature, the far reaching implication is that, project team members’ satisfaction translates into successful projects. Project management’s leadership quest to satisfy the project team must be guided towards collaboration. The current result has advance significantly the understanding of team leadership attributes for the research environment and further buttress the need to meet project participants’ mutual objectives for a successful project.
Developing a Mass Appraisal Approach for Residential Properties in Minna Metropolis
(Environmental Technology and Science Journal, 2017-06) Liman, Hassan Shuaibu; Olatunji, Ayodele Isaac; Morenikeji, Gbenga; Olubajo, Oluseun Olukemi; Usman, Zakari Dodo
Mass appraisal has become a standard approach of valuing large groups of properties especially for taxation purpose. It is widely used in developed countries including the US, UK and other European countries as well as in some developing countries such as Malaysia. In this paper, the application of mass appraisal model in Nigeria was examined. Hedonic based multiple regression analysis was used to analyse a set of 91 transaction data recorded between 2009 and 2013. The regression results revealed the contributory effect of the different housing attributes on the house price. Based on these results, a mass appraisal model for residential property valuation was developed. The performance of the model was evaluated using ratio study and the model was found to be adequate. It was discovered that a good mass appraisal model can bring about improvement in property tax administration in the study area by reducing cost and ensuring fairness and equity, which are very crucial in any property tax assessment process. The paper recommends that future studies should incorporate GIS, more explanatory variables as well as larger sample size to improve the accuracy of the model.
Dynamics in the Adoption of Offsite Construction in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja
(Proceedings of the Nigerian Building Road Research Institute International Conference., 2017-06) Olubajo, Oluseun Olukemi; Olawuyi, Babatunde James; Williams, Frank Ndanusa
Construction work involves three major activities namely; material selection, fabrication of components and elements and lastly erection or assembling. The methods of fabrication are either onsite or offsite with the offsite construction established in literature as the most efficient means of erecting high-density housing units within short periods. The slow rate of its adoption and innovation in Nigeria’s construction industry is however a matter of concern. This prompted a study on the dynamics involved in adopting offsite construction processes in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja with a view to stimulate improved adoption in housing projects. The specific objectives are to identify mechanisms for increasing innovations in construction, to evaluate the level of use of offsite construction processes across housing supply chains and to examine the significance level of forces that interplay in the adoption of offsite construction processes across the housing supply chain. A survey design approach was adopted to achieve this objective while data collected from structured questionnaires using a 5 point Likert scale was analysed with mean item score and ranking. 50 questionnaires were administered and 47 supply chain participants responded from 20 housing projects within the F.C.T. Abuja. The questionnaire comprised of characteristics of supply chain participants, levels in adopting offsite processes in selected building components and elements and relative importance of forces that interplay in adopting offsite construction. Results revealed that the raw material and labour availability with (MIS =4.00) were the most significant influences on housing supply chains. It was concluded that managing raw materials and labour supply more effectively will significantly influence the adoption of offsite construction in housing projects and has direct effects on the performance of the construction industry. The study suggests that stakeholders in construction view themselves as members of a supply chains and collaborate more effectively to ensure better project. outcome.
Empirical Study on Rainfall Patterns and Construction Programme Provisions in Jos, Nigeria
(West African Journal of Building and Road Research. © Nigerian Building and Road Research Institute (NBRRI), Nigerian & Building and Road Research Institute of Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR-BRRI), Ghana, 2017-11-30) Olubajo, Oluseun Olukemi; Olawuyi, Babatunde James
Weather conditions affect the duration and cost of construction activities, and many companies have neglected the need to consider the exact empirical effect it has on the delivery of construction projects. This prompted an investigation on the precipitation patterns in Jos Metropolis of Plateau State, Nigeria and its effects on the delivery of construction projects. The study evaluated the amount and frequency of yearly precipitation in Jos, and compared it with the provisions made by Builders and Construction Managers in preparing construction programmes and determined its effect on the construction projects delivery. A Mixed design approach was adopted with Rainfall data collected from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency for over a 10 year period as well as from structured questionnaires. The Data was analysed using mean and percentages. The study concluded that the provisions made for idle or rain days in preparation of work programmes for construction projects were in most cases inaccurate and thus affected the performance of the construction projects. The study suggests measures to be adopted by stakeholders towards better project outcome.
INFLUENCE OF CONTRACTUAL RISKS ON BUILDING PROJECT DELIVERY IN ABUJA, NIGERIA
(EDMIC 2019 Environmental design and management international conference, Ile-Ife Nigeria., 2019-05-22) HASSAN, K.M, MOHAMMED, Y.D, & NMADU, Helen Gogo
Contractual risks were risks mostly encountered by contractors in Nigeria and identified to have the consequences on claims, risks in construction especially with the increase construction complexity and the clients are getting more sophisticated in disputes, lack of coordination, delays and inflated costs. Those challenges are due to unanticipated their demands. These challenges prompted this study on influence of contractual risks on building contracts in Abuja. The study largely derives qualitative measure in order to understand the influence of contractual risk on building delivery. The study is criteria – based study, in which certain criteria were outline for the selection of the construction companies. The respondent (stakeholders) samples used in the study were drawn from the total population of stakeholders in the 5 construction companies selected for the study. The total numbers of stakeholders are 220 while 140 were selected for the study following the rules of Krejcie and Morgan, (1970). The analysis of the questionnaires survey data was undertaken using (SPSS) version 20. Correlation analysis was conducted in order to determine the relationship between contractual risks factors and project delivery (time and cost) and the result were found to be significant (P<0.005). This relationship was modeled using simple linear regression and from the model the result shows that contractual risks factors have effect on project delivery in term of time and cost. Risk management should be integrated into project management processes to minimize the effect of contractual risk factors on time and cost increase of building project
EVALUATION OF CONTRACTORS SAFETY AND HEALTH PERFORMANCE USING OSHA MATHEMATICAL STANDARD
(journal of environmental spectrum (JES), 2019-05-29) HASSAN, K.M. MOHAMMED, Y.D. & NMADU, Helen Gogo
The rapid growth in the construction industries has led to increases in accidents and fatality rates which threat on the occupational safety and health. Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHAct) of 1994 obligate employer to provide and maintain a safe and healthful workplace for all employees. Ignorance and lack of safety compliance from contractors had caused employees to violate the safety procedure and the outcomes were unsafe acts, hazardous condition, injuries and accidents. Contractors play an important role in the accomplishment of the building construction. Thus, there is the need to evaluate contractor’s safety and health performance using OSHA mathematical standard. This study is a criteria – based study, and mainly derives quantitative measure in order to evaluate contractor’s safety and health performance using OSHA mathematical standard. Twenty (20) construction companies that meet the study criteria were selected. Some contractor’s performance is very satisfactorily while some are of average. It can be concluded that the number of subcontractors on sites determine the number of employees on site which determine the status of the accidents on site. Also the number of employees on sites determines the numbers of recordable injury or illness per 100 employees. To increase the benefits of safety management system practice on site by the contractors and better overall performance, it is recommended that the contractors should give credence to implementation of health and safety measures through cordial relationship with the construction workers, with emphasis on accident reduction at the construction sites. Keywords: accident, contractors, construction, employees, performance
Exploring the Drivers and Barriers for Sustainable Infrastructure Projects Delivery in Sub-Saharan Africa
(Environmental Technology & Science Journal (ETSJ), 2019-12) Isa R.B., Bilau A.A., Nmadu, Helen .Gogo, Ogunbode, E.B., Ayegba, C.U.
Sustainability of the built environment has become an international imperative within the Architecture, Construction, and Engineering (ACE) sector. While much has been written about the drivers and the mitigating barriers to sustainability and sustainable construction in Africa, the implementation of the concept is still a challenge. This exploratory research employs an interpretative paradigm to add to what is known about the issues in sub-Saharan Africa. The collection, categorization and analysis of interview transcripts and a review of extant literature and document analysis led to salient insights. Findings show that education and experience inform a designer's understanding of sustainable design and construction and designers' understanding of sustainable design value or lack of, affect their behavior attitude and likelihood to promote sustainable practice. The study found that Change strategy that equips a project actor with knowledge and skill needed to do things differently as a major factor for embedding sustainability in the construction industry. Drivers as solutions to barriers that were identified include improved knowledge of sustainable design, leadership and demands, and construction and the material usage. Most importantly, there is a need for a change in client perception of the cost of going green
Evaluation of Shear Bond Strength of Geopolymer Mortar Containing Cassava Peel Ash and Metakaolin
(School of environmental Technology (SETIC 2020) International conference, 2021-05-03) Wuna, M.A, Nmadu Helen Gogo, Ogunbode, E.B, Mohoro, I.S.
The cement industry has been recorded to have contributed immensely to the high global carbon dioxide emissions the word is contesting with today. This has made researchers to looked for other sustainable substitutes. One of the possibility substitutes is geopolymer mortar, which has no cement content in it. Geopolymer mortar can be produced using agricultural and industrial wastes like cassava peel ash (CPA), rice husk ash (RHA), metakaolin (MK), fly ash (FA), and many more. Geopolymer have been proven recently to be the way of converting agricultural, thermal and industrial waste into construction repair materials. When comparing Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) mortar with geopolymer mortar, geopolymer mortar is considered as a highly eco-friendly product. This paper evaluates the compressive and shear bond strength properties of geopolymer mortar manufactured using Cassava Peel Ash (CPA) and Metakaolin (MK). Sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and 9 molar concentration of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution were used as alkaline activator. The mass ratios of sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide (NS: NH) and the binder to fine aggregate (B: A) were fixed to 2.5 and 0.4 respectively. The compressive strength of the synthesized GPM were determined at 3, 7 and 28-days. The compressive strength at 28 days curing was 46.5 N/mm2. Results revealed that 50% replacement of MK with CPA made with 9M concentration of NaoH enhanced the compressive strength of the mortar while 100% CPA content in the mortar demonstrated the highest shear bond strength value. The grooved surface improved the bonding strength. The bond strength results have proven that the surface texture must be considered in determining the bond strength. It is concluded that geopolymer mortar incorporating 100 percent metakaolin could be used in the construction industry with the almost negligible amount of environmental problems.
Cost of Implementing Health and Safety Measures in Construction Projects in Abuja, Nigeria
(SETIC 2020 International conference, 2021-05-03) Hassan, K.M, Mohammed, Y.D, & Nmadu, Helen Gogo
The high rates of construction accidents as well as increase in construction cost due to accidents have been an issue of concern. The cost of health and safety during forecasting the construction cost is given little or no emphasis. This has become a threat to both contractors and their clients and has also posed great challenges in project executions with its multiplying effect on incurring additional cost in completing the project, and as such certain contractors and sub-contractors pay little or no attention in implementing health and safety measures. Hence, the aim of this study is to determine the cost of implementing health and safety measures in construction projects. The study is a criteria – based study, in which certain criteria were outline for the selection of the construction firms. The study largely derives quantitative measure in order to determine the cost of implementing health and safety measures on construction projects. Quantity surveyors with vast knowledge of health and safety in the construction firms were considered for this research. Correlation analysis was conducted in order to determine the relationship between cost of implementing health and safety measures and cost of construction projects and the result was found to be significant (P < 0.005). This relationship was modeled using simple linear regression and from the model the result shows that the cost of implementing of health and safety measures have little or no effect on the total cost of construction project. The findings recommend the need for contractors to implement an effective and efficient health and safety cost management system in the Nigeria construction industry, as this will help them in achieving an improvement on construction site safety performance.
Mechanical and microstructure properties of cassava peel ash–based kenaf bio-fibrous concrete composites
(Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 2021-05-20) Ezekiel B. Ogunbode, Bemgba B, Nyakuma., Richard A. Jimoh, Temitope A. Lawal & Helen G. Nmadu
The study investigated the effects of kenaf bio-fibre (KBF) and cassava peel ash (CPA) on the physical, mechanical and microstructural properties of concrete. The CPA was characterized by microstructural studies such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The KBF (length, L = 5 cm) and five (5) volume fractions from 0 to 1.0% (Δ% = 0.25%) were used with Portland cement (CEM 1). Next, five concrete mixtures were also cast using 10% CPA as a replacement for CEM 1. The results revealed that the inclusion of KBF in concrete and blending CPA with CEM1 reduced the slump values with no major improvement of the compressive strength. However, blending CPA with CEM1 and inclusion of KBF in concrete improved the VeBe time of the fresh concrete and the tensile and flexural strengths of the hardened concrete. The SEM results showed that KBF serve as bridges between the cracks and enhanced the load transfer capability of the concrete matrix. Overall, the study demonstrated that the utilization of KBF and CPA in concrete is a technically feasible and environmentally friendly approach to waste valorization and sustainable construction
EVALUATION OF MICROSTRUCTURE AND COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH PROPERTIES OF BINARY BLEND ALKALINE ACTIVATED MORTAR
(Journal of Science, Technology, Mathematics and Education (JOSTMED), 2021-09) NMADU, Helen Gogo, OGUNBODE, E. B., WUNA, M. A., ADAMU, B., SANI, M., & MUDASHIRU, S. H.
Alkaline Activated materials have been proven recently to be the way of converting Agricultural, thermal and industrial waste into construction repair materials. This paper evaluates the microstructure and compressive properties of Cassava Peel Ash (CPA) incorporated Metakaolin (MK) based Alkaline Activated Mortar (AAM). Sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution were used as an alkaline activator and NaOH in varying concentrations of 6, 9 and 12 M. The mass ratios of sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide (NS: NH) and the binder to fine aggregate (B: A) were fixed to 2.5 and 0.4 respectively. The specimens were subjected to a curing temperature of 60ºC for a duration of 24 hours. The compressive strength of the synthesized AAMs was determined at 3, 7 and 28 days. The use of Scanning Electronic Microscope (SEM) was used to study the microstructure of the mortar. It is demonstrated that 50% of MK replaced CPA of 12m of NaoH achieved the highest compressive strength as much as 47.6 N/mm2 at 28 days curing. The strength and microstructural characteristics of the synthesized AAMs was significantly improved. The study showed that the use of Cassava Peel Ash and Metakaolin in the production of sustainable green geopolymer mortar is a suitable alternative repair material that is feasible both technically and environmentally.
STRENGTHENING MORTAR BY USING A TERNARY GEOPOLYMER BINDER MADE OF CASSAVA PEEL ASH, METAKAOLIN, AND RICE HUSK ASH
(Faculty of environmental science (FES,) RECONFES 001, Enugu state university of science and technology, 2022-06-08) OKWORI Lawrence Eshufu , OGUNBODE Ezekiel Babatunde , IBRAHIM Hassan Ogiri , NMADU Helen Gogo
An alternative new ternary geopolymer mortar was developed to resolve a traditional mortar problem which exhibits several disadvantages, including poor strengths and surface microcracks and the CO2 air pollution. The ternary binder was produced using Cassava peel ash (CPA), Metakaolin (MK), and Rice husk ash (RHA) activated with an alkaline mixture of sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and 9 M NaOH in a mass ratio of 2.5. Five different mix proportions of CPA, MK, and RHA were used to fabricate the ternary geopolymer mortars (TGPM‘s). The water-to-binder ratio was 0.35. The mortars were heat cured for 24 h at 60℃ and then aged under room temperature. Mortar flow and compressive strength was tested. The results showed that the sample C70M20R10, which contained 70% CPA, 20% MK, and 10% RHA, exhibited high compressive strength (50.02 N/mm2 and 54.74 N/mm2 ) without any crack at 28 days and 56 days respectively, after being cured for 24 hours at 60C; however, the C90M07R03 mortar with optimal strength of 55.32 N/mm2 and 58.93N/mm2 for 28 days and 56 days respectively, showed some surface cracks. This ternary binder will be useful from an environmental viewpoint, as it reduces the waste disposed in landfills and helps prevent global warming. Production of new geopolymer binder of mortar as alternative to traditional cement binder with high early and normal strength from low cost waste materials and earth explored materials, less potential of cracking, less energy consumption need and low carbon dioxide emission.
Effect of Alkali-Activation on Setting Characteristics of Binary and Ternary Blended Geopolymer Mortar
(AL FARABI 4TH International congresson applied science,Erzurum Turkey, 2022-09-12) Nmadu Helen Gogo, Ogunbode E.B, Yusuf I.O, Hassan K.M
To achieve sustainability, efforts have been made to eliminate the problem connected with cement usage and production by completely replacing cement with an environmentally benign binder. This study investigates the impact of alkali activation on the setting properties of three precursors (Metakaolin, Cassava Peel Ash, and Rice Husk Ash) combined for binary and ternary geopolymer mortar. The fresh properties of geopolymer mortars, including flowability, setting time, and strength, were studied. For each test, a binary mortar mix ratio of CPA/MK, MK/RHA, and CPA/RHA, such as 100/0, 0/100, 75/25, 50/50, and 25/75, was assessed, as well as a ternary mortar mix ratio of MK/CPA/RHA, such as 100/100/100, 50/25/25, 25/50/25, and 25/25/50, and 100 percent PC (Control). As activators for geopolymer mortar mixture, 6M, 9M, and 12M concentrations of Na2SiO3/NaOH solutions were utilized. The results demonstrated that the control mortar containing 100 percent PC flowed less than the binary and ternary mortars. Mixtures with a greater proportion of CPA cure faster than those containing a greater proportion of MK or RHA. In addition, the water-to-binder absorption rate of RHA is greater than that of MK and CPA. On the basis of its soundness features, the 100 percent PC (control) exhibits less expansion than the binary and ternary blended geopolymer mixtures. As an environmentally friendly building material, geopolymer mortar has shown great feasibility and application potential, according to the current study.
Analysing the Physical Condition of Buildings: A Case Study of an Institution of Learning in Nigeria
(School of Environmental Technology International Conference Proceedings (SETIC 2024), 2024) Abass, A.; OGUNBODE Ezekiel Babatunde; Olubajo, O. O.
Abstract Buildings depreciate with time and gradually perform less than they are expected. This is a concern for building owners and users. Research on depreciation of building tends to focus on identifying or categorising defects. However, investigations that examine the condition of public buildings that inhabit large and frequent users is limited. The aim of this research is to analyse the physical condition of public buildings in an institution of learning. This study adopts a case study approach involving physical observations and the condition rating of three buildings in an institution of learning in Nigeria. The results of the analysis showed that there were several similar defects on the walls, floors, roof, electrical and mechanical services. The results on the condition of the buildings showed average condition index values indicating that the buildings were in moderate condition with the laboratory in a better condition with an average condition rating of 0.58 and the offices with an average condition rating of 0.52 and the classes with an average condition rating of 0.44. The study argues that improving the condition or state of the buildings would lead to enhanced building performance.
APPRAISING OFFICE ERGONOMIC MEASURES IN THE SCHOOL OF ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY OF FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, MINNA
(KESJ Environmental Science Journal, 2024-02) HASSAN, K. M., MOHAMMED, Y.D., NMADU, Helen Gogo, ADULRAHMAN, R.S.
Accidents that occur in offices are frequently due to poorly designed office environment and improper office procedures. From 1991-2004 the Workplace Safety and Insurance Board reported that musculoskeletal disorders accounted for nearly 42% of all lost time. This accounts for only lost time which underestimates the true nature of problems as many individuals continue to work with pain and discomfort. The study aimed at appraising office ergonomic measures in the school of environmental technology of federal university of technology, Minna, the objective of this study is to provide such information to improving human health, safety and performance at workplace through the application of sound workers and workplace principles. The study is criteria – based in which questionnaires were administered to selected 65academic staffers who met the research criteria. Correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between Staff Assessment of Ergonomic Measures and Standard Ergonomic Measures. Regression analysis was used to determine the impact of SEM on SAEM. The Pearson correlation reveals a positive moderate significant relationship between standard ergonomic measures and staff assessment of ergonomic measures (r is 0.561, while its P < 0.001). Findings reveals that standard ergonomic measures contributes additional benefits of unstandardized coefficient = 0.527, t = 8.135 and P < 0.005. It can be concluded that a reasonable correlation exists between staff assessment of ergonomic measures and standard ergonomic measures practice at workplace. The regression prediction findings indicate that additional improvement on the level of staff's assessment of ergonomic measures will spring up enormous benefit to prevent musculoskeletal disordersat workplace. The study recommends adequate training and awareness of staffers as regard to office ergonomic measures.
Exploring the Patterns of Deterioration: A Case Study of Buildings in a Residential Estate in Nigeria
(Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Infrastructure and Sustainable Development (ICSID 2024)At: Covenant University, Canaanland, Ota, Ogun State, 2024-09) Olubajo, Oluseun Olukemi; Kudu, Mohammed; Abass, Abdulshakur
Research into the deterioration of buildings tends to focus on probable causes. However,investigations that explore the nature, extent and pattern of the deterioration in residential buildings is limited. This study aims at exploring the patterns of deterioration in a residential estate with multiple buildings in Minna and the liveability of the community. The study adopts a mixed method approach with a case study and data is obtained through observations and a structured questionnaire administered by hand to residents on the condition of their buildings.The results revealed huge similarities in the nature and extent of deterioration for different building types in the estate with dampness of walls/roofs being the most severe form of deterioration (MIS =3.71) and heavy rainfall being the most likely cause of deterioration (MIS= 3.85). The study also found that majority of residents opted to live in the estate generally because they felt safe (MIS = 4.33). The study argues that the level of deterioration in the buildings might lead to lower living conditions in the estate.
Understanding a Worker Recruitment as a Practice of Informality in Construction Work Packages
(Proceedings 40th Annual ARCOM Conference, 2-4 September 2024, London South Bank University, UK. Association of Researchers in Construction Management, 411-420., 2024-09-04) Olubajo, Oluseun Olukemi; Daniel, Emmanuel Itodo
Research into the recruitment of workers in construction tends to focus on the relationship between operating environments and informal recruitment of a worker. A second thread compares the informal and formal sector of the construction market. However, detailed understanding of how workers are hired and the role of objects in projects executed informally is limited. This study explores how objects feature when workers are engaged informally around specific work packages. A social practice approach is adopted, and practices enacted with workers recruited with minimal compliance to formal housing regulations are studied. Data is obtained through interviews and observations in a building project in Lafia, Nigeria. The results reveal that objects prefigured in hiring workers for different work packages which enabled construction practitioners to do four things: carry out a situated assessment, estimate the volume of work, negotiate verbal agreements, and coordinate work. This study argues that objects enable project parties to enter verbal agreements or invisible contracts.
Potentials of Dialium guineense Endocarp Ash as a Cement Replacement Material
(Path of Science, 2024-10-10) Olubajo, Olumide Olu; Surajudeen, Abdulsalam; Oluwaferanmi, Oloruntope Jacob; Olubajo, Oluseun Olukemi
Agricultural wastes such as Dialium guineense Endocarp are often generated in volumes that surpass disposal efforts. This concerns communities because improperly handled agricultural waste can lead to environmental challenges. Research on the use of agro-industrial or natural waste as cementitious materials tends to focus on the ashes from orange peel, locust bean pod, palm oil fuel, rice husk and sugarcane bagasse as partial replacements for cement. However, investigations are limited, focusing on Dialium guineense Endocarp ash (DEA) as an alternative cementitious material to reduce CO2 emissions and agricultural waste. This study explores the potential of DEA as a partial cement replacement material. Partial replacement of Portland limestone cement with DEA 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 wt.% for physical properties while mortar strength was varied from 0 -5 wt.%. Dialium guineense Endocarp pods were collected in Bauchi state- Nigeria, washed, dried, and grinded, followed by determination of thermal stability of the endocarp via Thermogravimetric Analyzer/ Differential Thermal Analyser (TGA/DTA). The resultant ground endocarp was calcined at 600 oC in a furnace for 4 hours, characterised by its chemical composition and functional groups via X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and Fourier Transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer, respectively. The mortar strengths of 72 cubes for 3 days, 7 days, 28 days and 60 days were produced and determined with a mixing ratio of 1:2:4 (water: cement: sand) according to ASTM standards. The XRF analysis of DEA revealed that the composition of silicon, aluminium and iron oxides was less than 50 wt.% (24.84 wt.%), which did not meet the minimum requirement by standard to be considered a pozzolan with a high CaO content of 25.58 wt.% and possessed significant K2O content of 36.03 wt.%, an increase in the standard consistency and retardation of both setting times of DEA cement blends was experienced when the cement replacement with DEA was increased. The consistencies and setting time of the DEA-cement blends were higher than control. This prolonged setting times and higher consistency could be linked with the unburnt carbon presence in DEA. As the curing age progressed, the mortar strength experienced increments despite clinker diminution, suggesting pozzolanic activity. Most DEA cement blends produced enhanced strength at 28 days for cement replacement up to 4%, which led to diminished strengths that produced strength slightly lower than control despite clinker diminution. The optimum percentage of cement to be replaced with DEA was determined at four wt.%. DEA possesses properties that are useful as a partial cement replacement material.
Barriers Influencing Construction Firms' Adoption of Emerging Technologies in Supply Chain Management
(School of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technology Minna, P.M.B 65, Niger State, Nigeria, 2024-10-14) Shehu, Aminu Muhammad; Jimoh, Richard Ajayi; Adefemi, Aka; Olubajo, Oluseun Olukemi
The construction industry plays a critical role in the economic development of nations and efficient supply chain management is crucial to its success. However, the construction sector remains one of the least digitized sectors despite the benefits of emerging technologies This study investigates the barriers influencing the adoption of emerging technologies in construction supply chain management. The study adopted a quantitative approach using a closed ended questionnaire. Data was collected via simple random sampling from 73 construction firms, though 52 were properly filled and returned for the analysis. The data was analysed using mean score item to ascertain the degree to which barriers influence the adoption of emerging technologies by construction firms. The barriers were grouped into three categories, technological, organisational and environmental barriers. The study revealed that the major technological barrier is lack of technical expertise within the organization, organisational barriers is resistance to change from employees and for to environmental regulatory compliance issues. Therefore, it becomes imperative to invest in training and developing partnerships with educational institutions for continuous learning and government to review and update local content requirements to balance domestic growth with technological advancement.
Reviewing Emerging Technologies Adoption Among Construction Project Managers in Nigeria
(School of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technology Minna. PMB 65, Minna, Niger State Nigeria., 2024-10-14) Shehu, Aminu Muhammad; Jimoh, Richard Ajayi; Adefemi, Aka; Olubajo, Oluseun Olukemi
Though emerging technologies are available to improve project performance, project managers in the Nigerian construction sector avoid their adoption. This have resulted in the rate of failed projects within the Nigerian construction sector due to poor coordination of construction tasks relying on obsolete process. Hence, the review of literature to ascertain the influencing factors of project managers avoidance in implementing emerging technologies in their professional practice. Using thematic analysis, four (4) influencing themes were identified in the literature namely; technology, organizational, environmental and socio-cultural related factors. These themes evidenced the influencing factors in emerging technologies adoption among project managers in the Nigerian construction industry. The potentials of emerging technologies adoption on project managers performance in the construction industry is impacted in terms of cost, quality and time of successful projects delivery. However, technology avoidance behaviour of project managers will lead to project abandonment, continued inadequate automated evaluation, monitoring of construction project performance Therefore, the study recommends that stakeholders in the Nigerian construction industry must continue to navigate through the barrier factors limiting construction project managers adoption of technology to lower the rate of failed and abandoned projects in the Nigerian construction industry.