Browsing by Author "Bako, .S."

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Cavitational Deterioration of Diesel Power Plant Cylinder Liner
(Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, 2020-12-10) Bako, .S.; Nasir, .A.; Bori Ige; Musa, .N.
The generating station in which diesel engine is used as a prime mover for generating electrical energy is known as diesel power plant. The cylinders liner are cylindrical component that are fixed inside the engine block. The function of the cylinder liners is to retain the working fluid and to guide the piston. Most diesel power plant uses wet-cylinder liners that are exposed to intensive cavitation. The paper aimed at studying the behavior of the cylinder liners that can lead to cavitation. The analysis involves, modeling and simulation in using Solidworks Software. The analysis shows that the cylinders are subjected to harmonic vibration resulting to momentary separation of the coolant from the cylinder wall, creating a pressure difference around the coolant surface which forms air bubbles. These bubbles explode at an extreme velocity. The explosion of these bubbles release surface energy known as cavitation. The energy hammers the cylinder liner surface thereby removing minute particles of metal from the surface of the vibrating cylinder leading to cavitational deterioration. The paper hereby calls on automotive designers to take critical measures in designing of; cylinder liner, water jacket and the entire cooling system, in order to control this phenomenon.
Design and Performance Evaluation of a Portable Solar Water Heater
(Journal of Digital Innovations & Contemporary Research in Science, Engineering & Technology, 2022-03-20) Bori Ige; Uwah, E. J.; Bako, .S.; Okegbile, O. J.; Ayo, S. A.
This paper presents design and performance evaluation of a solar water heater (SWH) using thermosyphon principles, thereby eliminating the use of electric water pump and reducing the cost of the entire system. There are many phenomena encouraging the application of solar water heating technology such as; electric power outage, high fuel price, rapid urbanization, low cost of installations, and governmental intervention. Therefore, there is need to encourage innovation in the field of solar technology. The design of this system was done using relevant equations to obtain the required dimensions of the various components of the system. The materials were selected based on design calculations, machining, availability and material cost. During the testing process, the first three days of testing the highest outlet temperature recorded was 650C. For the last three days of testing during the dry season, the highest outlet temperature recorded was 79.3 0C. The results showed that the system performs better during the dry season when the irradiance levels are higher. The highest irradiance recorded was 940 W/m2 on the sixth day of testing. The highest efficiency recorded from the system was 68.19% on the fourth day of testing. It is hereby recommended that, sensor and a flow meter should be installed for determining water level and for easy identification of flow rate.
Development and Testing of a Heat Dissipation System Using Fins for a Motorcycle Exhaust Pipe
(Nigerian Journal of Engineering Science Research (NIJESR), 2022-12-30) Okegbile, .O. J.; Oboakporhorho, .J. J.; Bori Ige; Babawuya, .A.; Bako, .S.; Musa, .N. A.
The paper developed and investigate the use of fins as heat exchanger in dissipation of heat that arise from motorcycle exhaust pipe which can result in variety of degree of burns, affecting both users and passengers when in accidental contact with it. In this research work, copper pipe and aluminum fins were used because the heat transfer rate needs to be improved. The fabrication of the fins array was carried out with the use of 1mm aluminum material and 4mm copper pipe the base plate, the fins array are very potable and may be unfastened used on other exhaust pipes, since the fins are assembled with bolts and nuts. The analysis shows that the rate of heat transfer from the exhaust pipe (without fins) is1078W, while the heat transfer from the fins array was 2692.3W; which shows an increase in exhaust pipe heat transfer by factor of 2.5. Therefore, the risk of contacting serious burn when in accidental contact with the exhaust pipe has been reduced. It is hereby recommended that, the Semi rectangular fins profile can also be used for further research work because they are also effective, and the Copper fin may be considered for further work due to excellent thermal conductivity of the material.
DEVELOPMENT OF A BRAKE DRUM MODEL WITH FINS INCORPORATION FOR HEAT DISSIPATION ENHANCEMENT
(5th Multi-disciplinary academic conference, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. January 11, 2018. Pp. 190 – 205., 2018-01-11) Bako, .S.; Bori Ige
Extreme heat within an automobile brake drum could cause brake failure which could as well lead to death of passengers and lost of properties. One of the ways to dissipate heat faster from an automobile brake drum is by incorporating fin on the outer surface of the brake drum as pointed out in many literatures. This work concerns converting 1/10 0f the overall height thickness of the brake drum into fins for effective heat dissipation by both conduction and convection. During the modified brake drum development process, necessary fin design formulae were taken into account. Modeling and simulation analysis were carried out using Solidworks (2013) software, followed by validation using theoretical Finite Element analysis. The minimum temperatures obtained from the simulation analysis were 4935K and 4927K for the existing and the modified brake drum model respectively. While maximum displacements obtained from the simulation analysis were 5142×10−5𝑚𝑚 and 5102×10−5𝑚𝑚 for the existing and the modified brake drum model respectively. This implies that the modified brake drum have improved strength and better heat dissipation than the existing model. This is as the result of the circumferential arrangement of the fins on the outer surface of the brake drum.
IMPROVEMENT OF HEAT DISSIPATION RATE OF AN AUTOMOBILE BRAKE DRUM USING FINS INCORPORATION
(Bartin University, Turkey, 2018-12-31) Bako, .S.; Bori Ige; Musa, .N.; Nasir, .A.
The concept of incorporation of fins in automobile brake drum came up as a measure to subdue or address the thermal problems associated with it, which ultimately leads to brake failure. In order not to compromise the original weight of brake drum,1/10th of the overall wall thickness of the brake drum was converted into fins on the outer surface of the brake drum for effective heat dissipation. Modeling and simulation analysis were carried out using Solidworks (2013) software, on both the existing and modified brake drum, followed by validation using theoretical finite element analysis. The minimum temperatures observed from the simulation analysis were 4935K and 4927K for the existing and the modified brake drum model respectively. While maximum von Mises stress were 22, 378.9 N/M2 and 21, 971.2 N/M2 and the maximum displacements were 5142 x 10(-5)and 5102 x 10(-5) for the existing and the modified brake drum model respectively. This implied that the modified brake drum have improved strength and better heat dissipation rate than the existing model.
Simulation of a Wet Cylinder Liner
(International Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2019-07-25) Bako, .S.; Usman, .T.; Bori Ige; Nasir, .A.
This paper presents modeling and simulation of automobile engine wet-cylinder liner. The wet-cylinder liner is a cylindrical vessel in which the piston makes a reciprocating motion. Its function is to retain the working fluid and to guide the piston. The cylinder liners are subjected to high structural and thermal stress which leads to its deterioration and engine failure. This paper aimed at investigating the impact of this structural and thermal stress acting on the cylinder liner. Structural and thermal simulation was carried out using Solidworks (2013) software. The simulation result shows that the wet-cylinder liner is subjected to harmonic vibration during the engine operation due to the stresses acting on it. This vibration leads to the formation of vapour bubbles in the water jacket of the engine which leads to cavitation. This hammering and explosive effect (cavitation) of these bubbles on the cylinder liner is the main causes of pitting and corrosion on the cylinder liner. The steady state and transient thermal analysis shows that the convective cooling of the cylinder liner decreases inversely with time and this leads to accumulation of heat in the automobile engine. This accumulated heat energy is the major causes of high frictional wear, cracking of the cylinder liner and other thermal problems of the engine. However, the simulation results shows that the wet-cylinder liners are subjected to structural and thermal failure, if detailed design and material selection are not properly carried out.
Spectral Analyses Study of Boundary Layer Transition Delay with a Finite Compliant Panel
(Accra Bespoke Multidisciplinary Innovations Conference, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana, 2022-06-01) Bori Ige; Yeo, .K. S.; Bako, .S.
Compliant panel or surface has been demonstrated in various theoretical investigations as a promising means in delaying transition further. Within the Blasius boundary layer, wavepackets was initiated at the flow upstream with a pulse-initiated disturbance, and this was allowed to evolve over a finite section of the wall that was replaced by a tensioned compliant panel (CP) on a damped foundation. In order to appreciate the work of the CP in transition delay, direct numerical simulation (DNS) was also carried on the rigid wall (RW) case for comparison purposes. Spectral (Double-Fourier transforms) analyses was performed on the obtained DNS data, and the results showed that, CP case was able to delay transition further, through the strategy of suppressing the linearly growing primary 2-D Tollmien-Schlichting (TS) waves mode, so that resultant wavepacket after the CP location was dominated by a pair of oblique waves. The practical implication of the obtained results show the possibility of drag force reduction over moving vehicles, which will translate to tangible economic gains for the total amount being spent on fuelling especially for those in transportation businesses.
Stability Analysis of a Semi-Trailer Articulated Vehicle: A Review
(International Journal of Automotive Science and Technology (Turkey), 2021-06-30) Bako, .S.; Bori Ige; Nasir, .A.; Musa, .N. A.
Semi-trailer articulated vehicles are mainly used for transportation of goods and industrial products. The vehicles are made of two or more vehicular units that are coupled by a me-chanical device called, hitch point. The static and dynamic behavior of these vehicles differs from those of other vehicles, while accidents on these vehicles are fatal and disastrous. Therefore, there is need to know more about the static and dynamic characteristic of these vehicle, in order to ensure safety of lives and properties. This paper provides literature review on the aforementioned vehicle in order to have more insight on how to improve its stability. It was observed from the literatures review that, the higher the weight on this vehicle, the farther the distance of centre of gravity (CG) from the hitch point. This affects the safety margin against rollover stability of these vehicles. The fifth wheel lead, and the distance between the tractor, and the trailer CG were also found to play a vital role in influencing the stability of these vehicles. However, it was observed that, it would of great important for a tractor unit with one rear axle, to have the fifth wheel lead, to be as large as possible in order to control the vehicle instability. Therefore, due to the unusual behavior of these vehicles, more research works are needed in order to have more insight on the static and dynamic characteristic of these vehicles as to improve the safety of lives and properties.
Thermal and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Analysis of a Modified Two Stroke Spark Ignition Engine Block
(Gazi University, Turkey Journal of Science, Part A: Engineering and Innovation, 2021-12-29) Bako, .S.; Dogo, J. N.; Umar, M. B.; Bori Ige
An engine block is the main supporting structure for other components of the engine. Poor heat dissipation of the engine block causes excessive thermal expansion and frictional wearing of the engine components and makes engine oil to lose its lubricating power. Therefore, there is a need to modify the design of the engine block in order to improve its effectiveness. In this analysis, a two stroke spark ignition engine block was initially used as a reference model for the development of the modified model. Solidworks (2013) simulation software was used to model and conduct a thermal and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis on the two models. The thermal analysis results shows that, the maximum temperature gradient and heat flux obtained during the steady state and transient thermal analysis were, 2.237×107𝐾/𝑚, 3.6817×104𝐾/𝑚, and 1.066×107𝑊/𝑚2, 1.661×106𝑊/𝑚2 for the reference model, while 1.771×106𝐾/𝑚, 4.913×104𝐾/𝑚, and 7.970×107𝑊/𝑚2, 2.211×106𝑊/𝑚2 for the modified model respectively. The results shows that the modified model has an improved heat dissipation rate than the reference model. The CFD analysis shows that, the reference model is subjected to high pressure and air resistance than the modified model. This increases the drag force acting on the reference model. While the modified model has high air flow velocity round the engine block, than the reference model. This is due to fins modification of the modified model. This makes the engine block model to have low air restriction. It is hereby recommended that further validation should be carried out to ascertain the effectiveness of the modified model. The performance of the modified model can also be improved by converting its fins into triangular fins geometry